Dogs are curious by nature and often eager to share whatever we’re eating—but not everything that’s safe for humans is safe for them. In fact, many everyday foods can be highly toxic to dogs, causing everything from mild stomach upset to life-threatening complications like kidney failure, seizures, or organ damage. Whether it’s a grape dropped on the floor or a bite of onion-laced leftovers, even small amounts of certain foods can have devastating effects. That’s why every pet parent needs to know exactly what foods to avoid and why. This guide covers 50 common toxic foods—categorized for clarity—that can poison or kill dogs, along with specific ingredients to watch for and why they’re dangerous. Let’s dive in.

Poisonous Foods to Dogs

Many foods and food additives safe for humans can be harmful to our pets. The list below outlines 50 foods that are poisonous to dogs.

A. Fruits & Vegetables

1. Grapes & raisins: Grapes and raisins are highly toxic to dogs and can cause rapid kidney failure, even in small amounts. The exact toxin hasn’t been identified, but ingestion has led to fatal outcomes in dogs of all breeds and sizes. What’s especially concerning is that the toxic dose isn’t consistent—some dogs can tolerate a few with no issue, while others can suffer severe effects after just one or two. This unpredictability makes them particularly dangerous. Grapes, raisins, and foods containing them (like trail mix, baked goods, or cereals) should always be kept far out of a dog’s reach. Even small “tastes” from dropped snacks or children’s lunchboxes can be life-threatening.

2. Avocados: They contain a fungicidal toxin called persin, which is harmful to dogs in large quantities. While the flesh of the avocado is less toxic than the pit, peel, or leaves, it still poses risks—especially due to its high fat content, which can trigger pancreatitis in some dogs. The avocado pit is also a significant choking hazard and a potential cause of intestinal blockage if swallowed. Additionally, dogs that consume parts of the plant or large amounts of the fruit may experience toxic effects. While smaller amounts of avocado can be safe for dogs, it’s best to avoid giving your dog any part of an avocado, including guacamole.

3. Cherries: Cherries, especially the stems, leaves, and pits—contain cyanogenic compounds that can release cyanide when chewed or digested. While the fruit’s flesh itself is not highly toxic, the danger lies in the parts most dogs are likely to ingest accidentally. Swallowing whole cherries poses a choking risk and can also cause intestinal blockage, especially in smaller dogs. The cyanide from crushed pits interferes with cellular oxygen transport, making cherry ingestion a serious health threat. Because of these risks, cherries should be completely avoided as a dog treat.

4. Onions: Highly toxic in all forms—raw, cooked, powdered, or dehydrated—onions contain thiosulfates that can destroy a dog’s red blood cells and trigger hemolytic anemia. This condition reduces the blood’s ability to carry oxygen and can become fatal if left untreated. Even small amounts, especially when consumed regularly through table scraps or flavored foods, can build up to toxic levels. Everything from onion rings to soup mixes and gravies can pose a risk, making strict avoidance essential.

5. Garlic: More potent than onions, garlic has an even higher concentration of thiosulfates, making it exceptionally dangerous for dogs. Though sometimes mistakenly believed to be a natural flea remedy, garlic can cause serious oxidative damage to red blood cells, leading to lethargy, weakness, and anemia. It’s commonly found in seasonings, sauces, marinades, and prepared meats, so even trace amounts in leftovers can be harmful. Avoid offering any food seasoned with garlic, whether fresh, powdered, or cooked.

6. Leeks: Closely related to onions and garlic, leeks are part of the Allium family and carry the same toxic compound—thiosulfates—that can damage a dog’s red blood cells. Even in small quantities, they can cause oxidative stress leading to hemolytic anemia. Leeks may not be as commonly used as garlic or onions, but they’re often found in soups, stews, and casseroles, where their presence can go unnoticed. Any food prepared with leeks should be kept far from dogs.

7. Rhubarb: The leaves and stalks of rhubarb contain oxalates, which can interfere with calcium absorption and potentially cause kidney failure in dogs. While humans typically only eat the stalks, dogs that access garden plants or kitchen scraps may ingest both the toxic leaves and the stems. Even small amounts can be harmful, especially in smaller breeds. Rhubarb desserts and jams should also be kept out of reach due to added sugar and other harmful ingredients.

8. Tomatoes: Green, unripe tomatoes and the plant’s stems and leaves contain a compound called solanine, which is toxic to dogs in sufficient quantities. Solanine levels drop as tomatoes ripen, making small portions of fully ripe tomatoes generally safer, but the risk from the plant parts remains. Dogs that roam in gardens or are fed tomato-based foods like sauces or soups may inadvertently consume the more toxic parts. It’s best to avoid feeding tomatoes altogether unless you’re certain they’re ripe and plain.

9. Mushrooms: Wild mushrooms can be extremely dangerous to dogs, with some species containing potent toxins that can cause liver failure, neurological issues, or even death. The risk is highest with mushrooms growing in yards, parks, or forests, as it’s nearly impossible for the average person to distinguish safe from toxic varieties. Dogs are naturally curious and may eat them while exploring outdoors. To stay safe, it’s best to assume all wild mushrooms are toxic and remove any that appear in your dog’s environment.

10. Unripe potatoes: Green or sprouted potatoes, as well as their skins and leaves, contain solanine, a natural toxin that can affect a dog’s nervous system and cause gastrointestinal distress. While cooked, peeled potatoes in small amounts are generally safe, raw or unripe potatoes pose a real danger. Dogs that dig up garden potatoes or are given raw scraps may be exposed to toxic levels. Always cook and thoroughly peel potatoes before considering them as a rare treat.

B. Nuts & Seeds

11. Macadamia nuts: Even in small amounts, macadamia nuts are highly toxic to dogs and can cause severe reactions including muscle weakness, tremors, and vomiting. The exact toxin is unknown, but ingestion can lead to temporary but distressing symptoms that may require veterinary care. They’re often found in cookies, trail mixes, and nut blends, so keep all such snacks securely stored.

12. Walnuts (especially moldy): Fresh walnuts aren’t ideal for dogs due to their high fat content, but moldy walnuts are especially dangerous. They can harbor mycotoxins produced by fungi, which can cause seizures and serious neurological problems. Mold can develop quickly in damp storage or fallen nuts outdoors, so be cautious with unshelled or ground-harvested walnuts.

13. Almonds: While not inherently toxic, almonds are difficult for dogs to digest and can pose a choking hazard, especially for small breeds. They’re also high in fat, which increases the risk of pancreatitis if eaten regularly or in large quantities. Salted, flavored, or chocolate-covered almonds pose additional dangers and should be strictly avoided.

14. Pistachios: Like almonds, pistachios are not technically toxic, but they’re high in fat and often come salted or seasoned—making them risky for dogs. Overeating pistachios can lead to gastrointestinal upset and long-term pancreatitis. Mold growth on improperly stored pistachios also raises the risk of aflatoxin exposure, which is harmful to the liver.

15. Apple Seeds: Although apples themselves are safe in moderation, the seeds contain amygdalin, a compound that releases cyanide when chewed. A few seeds may not cause harm, but regular ingestion or consumption of large amounts could be dangerous over time. Always remove the core and seeds before giving apples as a treat.

C. Sweets & Baked Goods

16. Chocolate: Chocolate contains two toxic compounds for dogs—theobromine and caffeine—both of which overstimulate the nervous system and heart. The darker the chocolate, the more dangerous it is, with baking and dark chocolate carrying the highest concentrations. Even small amounts can lead to poisoning, especially in smaller dogs. Chocolate is commonly found in baked goods, candy, and desserts, so accidental ingestion is a frequent cause of emergency vet visits.

17. Xylitol (sugar substitute found in gum, candy, peanut butter): Xylitol is one of the most life-threatening ingredients a dog can consume. Just a small amount can trigger a rapid release of insulin, leading to hypoglycemia (dangerously low blood sugar), seizures, liver failure, and even death. It’s often found in sugar-free gums, candies, baked goods, some peanut butters, toothpaste, and mints. Because it can be hidden in seemingly harmless foods, it’s vital to always read ingredient labels before offering human food to your dog.

18. Candy (especially hard candy or licorice): Candy poses multiple risks to dogs. Hard candies can become lodged in the throat and cause choking, while many sugar-free varieties contain xylitol, which is highly toxic. Licorice is especially dangerous, as it can raise blood pressure, cause salt retention, and lead to serious electrolyte imbalances if consumed in large amounts. Even candies without xylitol or chocolate are loaded with sugar and artificial ingredients that can trigger digestive upset or long-term health issues.

19. Ice cream: Most ice cream is high in both lactose and sugar, making it a poor choice for dogs. Many dogs are lactose intolerant and will experience gas, bloating, or diarrhea after consuming dairy. Popular flavors like chocolate, coffee, and mint often contain toxic ingredients like caffeine or xylitol, amplifying the danger. While there are dog-friendly frozen treats available, regular ice cream is best avoided entirely.

20. Dough: Raw yeast dough can be deadly for dogs because the yeast continues to rise and expand inside their warm stomachs. This can lead to bloating, severe abdominal pain, and potentially life-threatening gastric dilation-volvulus (GDV). As the dough ferments, it also produces ethanol (alcohol), which can result in alcohol poisoning. Even small amounts of raw dough can create serious medical emergencies, so it should be kept well out of reach.

D. Meats, Bones & Fatty Foods

21. Cooked bones (splinter risk): Cooked bones, especially from poultry or pork, become brittle and can easily splinter when chewed. These sharp fragments can cause choking, puncture the digestive tract, or lead to dangerous blockages. Unlike raw bones, which are sometimes used under supervision in raw diets, cooked bones are never safe for dogs. They may seem like a natural treat, but the risk of internal injury is extremely high.

22. Raw fish (risk of parasites): Feeding raw fish to dogs, especially salmon, trout, or sturgeon, can expose them to parasites like Neorickettsia helminthoeca, which causes salmon poisoning disease. This condition is often fatal if not treated promptly. Additionally, raw fish may contain harmful bacteria like Listeria or Salmonella, which can affect both dogs and humans in the household. Cooking the fish thoroughly is the only safe way to share it with your dog.

23. Fat trimmings: Giving your dog fat trimmings from meats—whether cooked or raw—can lead to pancreatitis, a painful and potentially life-threatening inflammation of the pancreas. High-fat foods also contribute to obesity, digestive upset, and long-term metabolic issues. While dogs enjoy the taste, even small amounts of leftover fat can result in serious health problems over time.

24. Bacon: Bacon is high in fat, salt, and preservatives like nitrates and nitrites, making it an unhealthy and risky food for dogs. The excessive fat content can trigger acute pancreatitis, while the high sodium levels can cause bloating, dehydration, and even salt poisoning in severe cases. Regular consumption may also contribute to long-term heart and kidney issues. It’s best to avoid feeding bacon altogether, even in small portions.

25. Processed meats (deli meats, hot dogs): Deli meats and hot dogs often contain high levels of sodium, preservatives, and flavor enhancers that can be toxic to dogs in large quantities. Many are seasoned with garlic or onion powder—both of which are toxic—and may include additives like nitrates that strain the liver and kidneys. Feeding these meats regularly can increase the risk of obesity, high blood pressure, and organ damage. Stick to plain, cooked meats without seasoning if you want to share a bite.

E. Beverages & Liquids

26. Alcohol: Alcohol is extremely dangerous for dogs, even in small amounts. It depresses the central nervous system, leading to symptoms like disorientation, vomiting, difficulty breathing, and potentially coma or death. Dogs are far more sensitive to ethanol than humans, and just a few sips of beer, wine, or liquor—or foods containing alcohol, like rum cake—can cause alcohol poisoning. Never leave alcoholic drinks unattended around pets.

27. Coffee: Coffee contains caffeine, a stimulant that dogs cannot metabolize effectively. Even small amounts—such as leftover coffee in a mug or coffee grounds from the trash—can overstimulate a dog’s heart and nervous system. This can lead to hyperactivity, tremors, elevated heart rate, and more severe complications in large doses. Caffeinated drinks and foods should always be kept well out of reach.

28. Tea (especially black or green): Like coffee, most teas contain caffeine, which can be harmful to dogs when ingested. While herbal teas without caffeine may be less risky, it’s not always clear what other ingredients (like essential oils or sweeteners) they may contain. Bottled or sweetened teas are especially dangerous due to added sugars or artificial sweeteners like xylitol. It’s safest to avoid offering tea in any form to your dog.

29. Energy drinks: Energy drinks are a triple threat to dogs: they often contain high doses of caffeine, artificial sweeteners, and other stimulants like taurine or guarana, all of which can cause serious harm. Even a small spill can contain enough caffeine to result in tremors, seizures, or worse. These drinks should be treated like hazardous chemicals around pets.

30. Milk: While milk isn’t toxic to all dogs, many are lactose intolerant, meaning they lack the enzymes needed to digest dairy properly. Drinking milk can cause bloating, gas, and diarrhea. High-fat dairy products also increase the risk of pancreatitis, especially in breeds prone to digestive issues. If you want to offer dairy, opt for lactose-free dog-specific products in moderation.

F. Pantry & Household Staples

31. Salt: Excess salt intake can lead to sodium ion poisoning in dogs, especially if they don’t have access to fresh water. Common salty snacks like chips, pretzels, or salted popcorn may seem harmless in small amounts, but they can cause vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, or worse if overconsumed. Large quantities—such as sea salt from playdough or rock salt—are particularly dangerous and should be kept far out of reach.

32. Baking soda: Though a common kitchen staple, baking soda is highly alkaline and can be toxic if ingested by dogs. It disrupts the body’s acid-base balance and can cause serious issues like muscle spasms, vomiting, or even electrolyte imbalances. Dogs might get into it accidentally when sniffing around baking supplies or if they consume raw baked goods made with it.

33. Baking powder: Similar to baking soda but even more concentrated, baking powder poses a severe risk to dogs. It contains multiple leavening acids that react strongly in the stomach, potentially causing gas, bloating, and metabolic disturbances. Dogs that eat batter or licked measuring spoons are most at risk, especially small breeds with lower tolerance for toxins.

34. Nutmeg: Nutmeg contains myristicin, a compound that is toxic to dogs and can cause symptoms ranging from disorientation to seizures in higher amounts. While a trace amount used in baked goods may not be deadly, concentrated exposure—such as from raw spice containers or spiced desserts—can be very harmful. Always avoid giving dogs anything containing nutmeg, especially holiday treats like pumpkin pie.

35. Raw yeast dough: Yeast-based dough can rise in a dog’s stomach just like it does on a countertop. This can lead to dangerous bloating, pain, and potentially life-threatening gastric dilation. In addition, the fermenting yeast produces ethanol, putting the dog at risk for alcohol poisoning. Bread dough should never be left out where a dog might steal it.

36. Spices (e.g., chili powder, paprika): Many spices commonly used in human cooking can irritate a dog’s gastrointestinal tract. Spicy ingredients like chili powder, cayenne, or paprika can cause excessive thirst, stomach upset, or mouth irritation. Some spice blends also contain onion or garlic powder, adding further toxicity. Always check labels and avoid sharing seasoned foods.

G. Condiments & Sauces

37. Ketchup (often contains xylitol or onion powder): While it might seem harmless in small quantities, ketchup can be surprisingly risky for dogs. Many commercial brands contain xylitol, onion powder, garlic powder, and high amounts of sugar or salt—all of which are dangerous. Even a spoonful can cause health issues, especially if your dog consumes it regularly or from a dropped burger or fry.

38. Mustard: Mustard seeds contain compounds that can irritate a dog’s gastrointestinal tract, leading to vomiting or diarrhea. Both yellow and spicy mustard varieties can be problematic, and some recipes contain additional ingredients like garlic or paprika that increase the toxicity. Dogs should never be allowed to lick mustard off plates, hot dogs, or sandwiches.

39. Soy sauce: High in sodium, soy sauce poses a risk of salt poisoning if consumed in anything more than a trace amount. A few licks may not be harmful for larger dogs, but in small dogs or repeated exposure, it can cause excessive thirst, vomiting, or even kidney issues. Many Asian dishes also contain garlic or onion, compounding the danger.

40. Barbecue sauce: Barbecue sauce often contains a long list of harmful ingredients for dogs: onion powder, garlic, spices, sugar, and xylitol in some sugar-free versions. In addition, the sticky, sugary nature of the sauce makes it easy for dogs to overconsume if given leftovers or access to a grill. Never allow dogs to lick plates, bones, or utensils with BBQ sauce.

41. Salad dressings: Most salad dressings are packed with fat, sugar, vinegar, and seasonings that are unsafe for dogs. Many contain onion, garlic, or artificial sweeteners that are toxic. Creamy dressings like ranch or blue cheese also pose a risk due to lactose and high fat content, which can lead to pancreatitis or digestive upset. Dogs should never be fed salads or scraps coated in dressing.

H. Miscellaneous & Processed Foods

42. Chewing gum: Sugar-free gum is one of the most dangerous human foods for dogs because it often contains xylitol, which can cause a rapid and life-threatening drop in blood sugar and liver failure. Even one piece can be fatal for small dogs. Chewed gum in trash bins or dropped on sidewalks poses a serious hidden hazard and should be cleaned up immediately.

43. Protein bars: Many protein and energy bars contain xylitol, chocolate, raisins, macadamia nuts, or high levels of caffeine from ingredients like guarana or green tea extract. These bars are designed for human performance and are packed with ingredients that can be toxic or overwhelming for a dog’s digestive system. Keep them sealed and out of reach, especially during hikes or workouts with your dog.

44. Chips: While a single chip may seem harmless, most chips are loaded with salt, artificial flavorings, and preservatives. Some varieties also include onion or garlic powder, which are toxic to dogs. Frequent snacking can contribute to obesity, dehydration, and salt poisoning. Dogs should never be encouraged to share salty human snacks.

45. Popcorn (especially buttered or salted): Plain, air-popped popcorn in small amounts may be safe, but most people eat popcorn covered in butter, salt, or seasonings—all of which can cause digestive upset or toxicity. Unpopped kernels also pose a choking hazard or may damage a dog’s teeth. Keep movie snacks well away from curious paws.

46. Artificial sweeteners (beyond xylitol): While xylitol is the most dangerous, other sugar substitutes like erythritol, sorbitol, and maltitol are poorly studied in dogs and may cause stomach upset or diarrhea. They’re found in sugar-free gums, mints, baked goods, and diet foods. Since labeling can be unclear, it’s best to avoid feeding dogs any artificially sweetened products.

47. Rotten/spoiled foods: Moldy or spoiled food in trash cans, compost bins, or left on counters can contain mycotoxins, bacteria, and fermentation byproducts that are highly toxic to dogs. These can lead to vomiting, tremors, or seizures, depending on what has spoiled. Keep all waste sealed, and never feed leftovers that have turned.

48. Moldy bread: Old bread can grow mold that produces tremorgenic mycotoxins, which affect a dog’s nervous system and can cause shaking, seizures, or even death. Bread also offers little nutritional value to dogs and may contain added sugars or raisins. Always store bread securely and discard moldy loaves immediately.

49. Canned soups: These products are typically very high in salt, preservatives, and often onion or garlic powder—making them a triple threat to your dog’s health. Even small amounts can cause dehydration, blood toxicity, or digestive distress. Don’t offer leftover soup or dishes made with canned broth unless they’re homemade and dog-safe.

50. Baby food (may contain onion or garlic powder): Although baby food might seem gentle, many varieties contain ingredients toxic to dogs, particularly onion powder and garlic powder. These additions can lead to red blood cell damage and anemia. Always read labels before offering a spoonful to a sick dog, and stick to vet-recommended, dog-safe options.

What Other Foods Can Affect Your Dog’s Health?

Most foods are generally considered safe for canine consumption. However, some dogs may develop an allergic reaction, as with any food. Food allergies in dogs typically manifest as itchy skin, hives, infections, and anaphylaxis (a medical emergency) in severe cases. If you suspect your dog is having an allergic reaction to any food, it is crucial to consult a veterinarian.

Additionally, conducting an at-home dog allergy test like the 5Strands can help determine if your dog is allergic or intolerant to certain foods. For a more comprehensive approach, consider an at-home dog gut health test, like the Embark Gut Health Test, which can provide deeper insights into your dog’s digestive health and immune function. These tests can help identify food sensitivities, bacterial imbalances, and other underlying issues contributing to allergies, allowing you to take proactive steps to prevent discomfort and support your dog’s overall well-being.

Risks

The following symptoms may indicate a bad reaction to certain foods.

Dogs showing worsening symptoms, such as blood in their vomit or stool, difficulty breathing, weakness, or collapse, should be taken to the veterinarian immediately.

What to Do If A Dog Reacts Badly to Toxic Foods

1. Contact a veterinarian immediately: Even if your dog seems fine, contact your veterinarian or an emergency pet poison hotline right away. This includes services such as the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 1-888-426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline at 1-855-764-7661. If you can’t reach your vet, you can chat live with a registered online veterinary professional via our online vet chat or video chat support (24 hours a day, 7 days a week). You can also schedule an at-home veterinary appointment with The Vets, a mobile veterinary service that provides at-home vet care nationwide for just about everything.

2. Gather important information: When speaking to a veterinarian, provide the following details: the Quantity consumed (estimate if unsure), the time of ingestion, and the dog’s weight and breed (to assess potential risk).

3. Follow veterinary instructions: The vet may suggest monitoring at home or emergency treatment at the clinic.

• Keep your dog calm and prevent them from eating anything else.
• Be prepared to transport your dog to the vet quickly if advised.
• Bring any remaining food or packaging to help the vet assess the situation.

The Bottom Line

Our dogs trust us to keep them safe, and that includes protecting them from the hidden dangers lurking in everyday foods. While it might be tempting to share a snack or let them lick the plate clean, even a small amount of the wrong ingredient can lead to serious health consequences—or worse. By familiarizing yourself with these 50 toxic foods, you’re taking an important step toward being a more informed and responsible pet parent. Always read ingredient labels, keep harmful items out of reach, and when in doubt, don’t share human food. If your dog ever ingests something questionable, contact your veterinarian or a pet poison hotline immediately. Your dog’s health starts with what goes into their bowl—and staying educated is one of the best ways to keep them happy, healthy, and safe for years to come.

If you’re looking for other healthy snack options, check out the best dog treats to find safe and nutritious alternatives. You can also get creative in the kitchen with homemade dog treat recipes for a natural and wholesome reward.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

The post 50 Poisonous & Toxic Foods That Can Kill Dogs (A to Z List) appeared first on Canine Bible.

Watching your dog battle cancer—whether it’s the fatigue, loss of appetite, or visible discomfort—can leave you feeling helpless. You’ve likely tried prescription medications, specialized diets, and vet-recommended treatments, yet some symptoms linger. Increasingly, pet parents are turning to a promising natural supplement: CBD oil. Known for its anti-inflammatory, pain-relieving, and appetite-stimulating properties, CBD is emerging as a complementary option to support dogs undergoing cancer treatment. This guide explores the best CBD oils for dogs with cancer, backed by real testimonials, veterinary insights, and scientific data—so you can make the most informed choice possible. Let’s dive in—and give your dog the comfort and support they deserve.

What Is CBD Oil?

CBD oil, or cannabidiol oil, is a natural extract derived from the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa). It is one of many compounds found in cannabis but is non-psychoactive, meaning it won’t get your dog “high” like THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the primary psychoactive component in marijuana. The key difference between CBD and THC is how they interact with the body. While THC affects the brain’s receptors to create a “high,” CBD works differently, promoting relaxation and wellness without any intoxicating effects. That’s why CBD oil is considered safe for pets when used correctly.

Common Symptoms of Cancer in Dogs

How Does CBD Work on Dogs with Cancer?

CBD interacts with your dog’s endocannabinoid system (ECS)—a regulatory system that helps balance pain perception, immune response, inflammation, and cellular health. In dogs with cancer, tumors and treatments can cause pain, nausea, anxiety, and appetite loss. CBD may help ease discomfort, reduce inflammation, support appetite, and promote relaxation by modulating the ECS.

While not a cure, CBD can serve as a complementary therapy to help improve your dog’s comfort, mood, and overall quality of life—especially when used alongside conventional treatments like chemotherapy or radiation.

The Science Behind CBD Oil & Dogs With Cancer

Although still in development, current research offers valuable insights into CBD’s effectiveness in helping dogs with cancer.

1. Slows cancer growth: CBD-rich extracts have been shown to slow down the growth of certain cancer cells in dogs, including prostate and lymphoma cells.^{[1],[2],[3],[4]}
2. Helps kill cancer cells: CBD can help trigger natural processes in the body that lead to cancer cell death, including programmed cell death and cellular cleanup (called autophagy).^[2],[4]
3. Disrupts cancer cell energy: In some dog brain cancer cells (gliomas), CBD interferes with how cells use energy by affecting their mitochondria, leading to cell death.^[4]
4. Boosts oxidative stress (in a good way): CBD raises certain stress markers in cancer cells that are linked to their destruction, especially in lymphoma cells.^[3]

CBD oil shows promising anticancer effects in laboratory studies on canine cancer cells, including reducing cell growth and inducing cell death. However, there is not yet clinical evidence in live dogs, so its real-world benefits and safety remain to be proven.

Combination with Chemotherapy

When combined with certain chemotherapy drugs (like vincristine), CBD further reduces cancer cell proliferation, suggesting possible benefits as an add-on therapy. However, results with other drugs (like doxorubicin) are less clear.

The Benefits

Here’s how CBD may help dogs with cancer:

The veterinary community remains cautious regarding CBD use for cancer in dogs. While some veterinarians acknowledge potential benefits, they emphasize the need for more comprehensive research to determine optimal dosages, long-term effects, and possible drug interactions. Pet owners must consult with a veterinarian before introducing CBD into their dog’s regimen. Read our science-based article on all things CBD for dogs to learn more about the benefits and research.

Best CBD Oil For Dogs With Cancer

Here are the best CBD oils for dogs suffering from cancer.

HolistaPet

Who It’s For: For those who want the highest quality CBD oil for dogs with cancer at a great value.

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Why we recommended it: HolistaPet CBD takes the top spot as the best overall CBD for dogs with cancer. All their products are made from 100% organic, cruelty-free, and vegan ingredients. Every CBD batch is lab-tested by a third party to ensure their oils’ safety, quality, and potency.

What sets it apart from competitors: This company stands out because its CBD oils are combined with organic superfoods like hemp seeds, L-theanine, chamomile, turmeric root, Boswellia, flaxseed, and more for enhanced benefits. CBD and these superfoods create a more potent concentration that may yield fast results.

Key Features

Save an extra 25% – 30% if you sign up for auto shipping. Just use this link to get started.

Honest Paws

Who It’s For: Ideal for those who seek a CBD solution to target specific health issues such as seizures.

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Why we recommended it: Honest Paws CBD oil for dogs offers CBD drops to treat particular health concerns, such as seizures, joint pain, inflammation, stress, overall health, and other common pet ailments.

What sets it apart from competitors: All its ingredients are sourced, produced, and shipped under human-grade regulations. Plus, their CBD oils for dogs are complemented by the superfood qualities of hemp seed oil, which is packed with essential vitamins, minerals, omega fatty acids, proteins, and fiber.

Key Features

Get 15% OFF at Honest Paws with coupon code CANINEBIBLE. Use this link to get started.

My Video Review Experience

Medterra CBD Pets

Who It’s For: Great option if your anxious dog has had adverse reactions to THC or if you want to avoid the risks of it completely.

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Why we picked and recommended it: Medterra Pet CBD oils won our pick for the best isolate CBD oil for dogs with cancer. They use human-grade CBD isolate oil in their product formulations and MCT oil derived from coconuts as the carrier oil, which helps absorb CBD and provides additional health benefits. They back their CBD oils’ quality and safety with a corresponding Certificate of Analysis, which you can access on their website. This leads to a dedicated landing page containing information on each product batch, ingredient profiles, and quality control methods.

What sets it apart from competitors: It’s made with industrial hemp grown and extracted according to the Kentucky Department of Agriculture’s strict guidelines.

Key Features

My Video Review Experience

Get 25% off at Medterra with the coupon code CANINEBIBLE. Just use this link to get started.

More Options

Finding the right CBD oil for your dog’s cancer is essential to ensuring the best results. With various brands offering different formulations, potencies, and ingredients, choosing one that suits your dog’s specific needs is important. Whether you’re looking for organic hemp extracts, fast-acting formulas, or veterinarian-recommended options, we’ve compiled a list of the top CBD oils for dogs to help you make the best choice. Read our guide to the best CBD oils for dogs for other alternatives.

How Long Does CBD Take to Help With Cancer in Dogs?

CBD oil may begin to ease anxiety, improve appetite, or provide mild pain relief within 30 to 60 minutes of administration. However, for dogs dealing with cancer, consistent daily use is usually needed for 1 to 2 weeks before more noticeable effects—such as better energy, improved comfort, or reduced inflammation—begin to show. Keep in mind: results vary based on factors like your dog’s size, CBD dosage, the type of cancer, and the stage or severity of the disease. CBD works best as part of a long-term, supportive care plan, not a quick fix.

 Want to learn more? Read our in-depth guide:
 How Long Does CBD Stay in a Dog’s System?
 How Long Does It Take for CBD to Work on Dogs?

CBD Dosage for Dogs with Cancer

The right CBD dosage depends on your dog’s weight, the severity of their cancer, and how they respond to CBD. A general rule of thumb:

• Mild Cancer: 0.25 mg per pound
• Moderate Cancer: 0.5 mg per pound
• Severe Cancer: 1 mg per pound

For optimal results, begin with a low dose and gradually increase it while monitoring your dog’s response.

 Need a detailed dosage chart? Check out our full guide:
 The Ultimate CBD Dosage Guide for Dogs (Infographic)

Other CBD Products to Treat Cancer In Dogs

The Bottom

When your dog is facing cancer, every decision you make feels critical—and choosing the right CBD oil is no exception. While CBD isn’t a cure, it can play a powerful supporting role in managing pain, reducing anxiety, improving appetite, and enhancing overall comfort during treatment or palliative care. The best CBD oils for dogs with cancer are those that are third-party tested, made with high-quality hemp, free of harmful additives, and appropriately dosed for your dog’s size and condition. By choosing a trustworthy product and using it consistently, you can help improve your dog’s quality of life during one of their most challenging battles. Because at the end of the day, your dog deserves relief, rest, and a little more tail-wagging joy—one drop at a time.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

1. In Vitro Antitumor Effect of Oils Rich in CBD and THC Cannabis Extract in Canine Prostate Carcinoma Cell Lines
2. The effect of cannabidiol on canine neoplastic cell proliferation and MAP Kinase activation during autophagy and apoptosis.
3. Effects of Cannabidiol, ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and WIN 55-212-22 on the Viability of Canine and Human Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines
4. Cannabidiol Induces Apoptosis and Perturbs Mitochondrial Function in Human and Canine Glioma Cells

The post Best CBD Oil For Dogs With Cancer 2025: Review & Guide appeared first on Canine Bible.

Your dog has a full bowl of premium kibble—so why is he snacking on your lawn like it’s a salad bar? It’s one of the most perplexing behaviors dog owners face: a seemingly healthy pup munching on grass, sometimes casually, other times like it’s urgent. You might wonder if something’s wrong—are they sick? Bored? Nutrient-deficient? And should you stop them? Here’s the twist: most dogs eat grass at some point, and the majority don’t vomit afterward—debunking the popular belief that they do it to induce throwing up. So, if it’s not always about illness, what’s really driving this behavior? In this guide, we’ll break down the top scientific and behavioral reasons dogs eat grass, when it’s harmless vs. when it’s a red flag, and how to respond as a responsible owner.

Why Do Dogs Eat Grass?

Grass eating is a natural, routine behavior for most healthy dogs and is not typically a cause for concern. While many theories exist, according to the latest research, these are the main reasons dogs eat grass:

Other non-scientific reasons dogs eat grass:

1. Dogs’ wild ancestors (wolves, foxes) ate plant material found in the stomachs of their herbivorous prey.
2. They like the taste or texture.
3. Pica behavior (eating non-food items due to nutritional deficiency).
4. Grass-eating is a displacement behavior of boredom or anxiety.

How Common Is It for Dogs to Eat Grass?

Grass is the most frequently eaten plant by 79% of dogs. A comprehensive survey conducted by researchers at the University of California, Davis, revealed that approximately 68% of dogs engage in grass consumption on a daily or weekly basis. Furthermore, a broader study encompassing 1,571 dog owners found that 79% of healthy, well-cared-for dogs had eaten plants, particularly grass, at some point. This behavior is seen in both puppies and adult dogs, and is not linked to breed, sex, or diet type.[5]

Is Grass Eating Healthy For Dogs?

Yes and no. Nutritionally speaking, grass is not particularly beneficial for dogs—at least not in a meaningful or necessary way. However, grass has insoluble fiber, which can help with mild constipation or improve stool bulk.

Studies on Miscanthus grass, a type of grass, have shown it to be a promising alternative fiber source for dogs. It supports gut health and helps maintain healthy gut bacteria, much like traditional fiber sources such as cellulose. Compared to beet pulp, Miscanthus grass may lead to softer stools and improved nutrient absorption.[6],[7]

While doest can safely eat grass and benefit from its fiber content, grass doesn’t provide complete proteins, healthy fats, or key vitamins/minerals required in a dog’s diet. Grass shouldn’t be considered a dietary source of nutrients. Here’s a breakdown:

Component	Description	Nutritional Value (approx. per 100g of fresh grass)	Safe for Dogs?
Water	Hydrating, forms majority of fresh grass content	70–85g	Safe
Fiber (Insoluble)	Aids digestion but may cause vomiting in excess	~20g	Safe (in moderation)
Chlorophyll	Natural detoxifier, may freshen breath	Varies	Safe
Beta-amylase	Plant enzyme, sometimes triggers allergies in sensitive dogs	Trace	May trigger IgE reactivity
RuBisCO (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase)	Main protein in grass, known allergen in some dogs	Trace	May cause allergic reaction
Protein	Minimal protein, mostly from structural proteins like RuBisCO	2–3g	Safe
Carbohydrates	Low energy value, mostly cellulose and starches	~2–5g	Safe
Antioxidants (e.g., flavonoids)	May have minor anti-inflammatory properties	Low	Safe
Calcium	Supports bone function, present in trace amounts	~20mg	Safe
Potassium	Supports nerve function	~40mg	Safe
Magnesium	Needed for enzyme functions	~10mg	Safe
Pesticide Residue	Risk of chemical exposure from treated lawns	Varies	Unsafe if present
Gastrointestinal Irritation	May cause vomiting or discomfort if consumed in excess	—	Limit intake
Compulsive Grazing	May signal underlying health or behavioral issue	—	Consult vet if frequent

Dog Grass-Eating Behavioral Patterns

Dogs exhibit varying patterns in grass consumption:

Why Do Dogs Eat Grass Excessively?

The ASPCA notes that as long as the grass isn’t treated with harmful chemicals, and the behavior isn’t obsessive or accompanied by vomiting or other symptoms, there’s typically no need for intervention. However, when a dog eats grass excessively or in large amounts, it could be a sign that something deeper is going on. Excessive grass eating can sometimes be linked to medical issues such as gastrointestinal disorders, parasites, or other illnesses

Potential Risks to Be Aware Of

While occasional grass-eating is typically harmless, certain factors can pose risks:

• Chemical exposure: Grass treated with pesticides, herbicides, or fertilizers can be toxic to dogs.
• Parasites: Eating grass in public areas may expose dogs to intestinal parasites like roundworms or hookworms from contaminated feces.
• Digestive Issues: In rare cases, consuming large amounts of grass can lead to vomiting or even intestinal blockage

Sometimes dogs nibble on other plants growing alongside grass—some of which can be toxic. Common dangers include: foxtails, wild mushrooms, rulip bulbs or leaves. Always check your yard or walking areas for plant dangers.

Side Effects of Dogs Eating Grass

Only a small percentage of dogs (about 9%) appear ill before eating grass, and most do not vomit afterward (only 22% vomit frequently after eating plants).^[5]

The following symptoms may indicate a bad reaction to grass.

Dogs with grass-related skin issues often have immune reactions to specific proteins in grass leaves. Two proteins—beta-amylase and RuBisCO—may act as allergens, causing itching and skin lesions.^[8]

Are Dogs Allergic to Grass?

Most dogs are not allergic to grass, and it’s generally considered safe for canine consumption. However, some dogs may develop an allergic reaction, as with any food. Food allergies in dogs typically manifest as itchy skin, hives, infections, and anaphylaxis (a medical emergency) in severe cases. If you suspect your dog is having an allergic reaction to any food, including grass, it is crucial to consult a veterinarian. Additionally, conducting an at-home dog allergy test like the 5Strands can help determine if your dog is allergic or intolerant to certain foods. For a more comprehensive approach, consider an at-home dog gut health test, like the Embark Gut Health Test, which can provide deeper insights into your dog’s digestive health and immune function. These tests can identify food sensitivities, bacterial imbalances, and other underlying issues contributing to allergies, helping you take proactive steps to prevent discomfort and support your dog’s overall well-being.

How to Stop Your Dog From Eating Grass

If your dog has developed a habit of eating grass excessively, it’s important to manage it—especially if the behavior becomes frequent, compulsive, or leads to vomiting or digestive issues. While occasional nibbling is usually harmless, consistent grazing can signal a deeper problem or develop into a risky habit.

Here are practical steps to help stop or reduce your dog’s grass-eating behavior:

1. Increasing fiber in your dog’s diet with high-fiber dog food or vegetables like pumpkin and carrots can reduce the urge to eat grass.

2. Providing more exercise through longer walks and active outdoor sport or play to help prevent boredom-related grass eating.

3. Boosting mental stimulation with interactive dog toys and training games keeps your dog’s mind engaged and less focused on grazing.

4. Teaching commands like “leave it” and rewarding your dog for obeying helps redirect their attention away from the grass.

5. Offering an indestructible dog toy or edible alternatives like leafy greens can satisfy your dog’s need to munch without turning to grass.

6. Regular vet checkups ensure there are no underlying medical issues like parasites or digestive discomfort causing the behavior.

7. Supervising your dog during outdoor time allows you to intervene and redirect before they start eating grass.

8. Avoiding lawns treated with chemicals protects your dog from toxic exposure when they do nibble on grass.

9. Using tools like a dog training collar with vibration or sound settings can help reinforce commands and discourage grass-eating behavior.

10. If the behavior continues despite your efforts, consulting a veterinarian or behaviorist can help identify and address deeper medical or behavioral causes.

What to Do If A Dog Reacts Badly to Grass

Dogs showing worsening symptoms, such as blood in their vomit or stool, difficulty breathing, weakness, or collapse, should be taken to the veterinarian immediately.

1. Contact a veterinarian immediately: Even if your dog seems fine, contact your veterinarian or an emergency pet poison hotline right away. This includes services such as the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 1-888-426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline at 1-855-764-7661. If you can’t reach your vet, you can chat live with a registered online veterinary professional via our online vet chat or video chat support (24 hours a day, 7 days a week). You can also schedule an at-home veterinary appointment with The Vets, a mobile veterinary service that provides at-home vet care nationwide for just about everything.

2. Gather important information: When speaking to a veterinarian, provide the following details: the Quantity consumed (estimate if unsure), the time of ingestion, and the dog’s weight and breed (to assess potential risk).

3. Follow veterinary instructions: The vet may suggest monitoring at home or emergency treatment at the clinic.

• Bring any remaining grass to help the vet assess the situation.
• Keep your dog calm and prevent them from eating anything else.
• Be prepared to transport your dog to the vet quickly if advised.

The Bottom Line

Grass-eating is one of those quirky dog behaviors that’s usually harmless—but it can also be a subtle clue about your dog’s health, diet, or emotional state. In most cases, there’s no need to worry. But if the behavior becomes frequent, obsessive, or is paired with symptoms like vomiting or lethargy, it’s worth taking seriously. The key is to know your dog’s patterns, ensure their diet is well-balanced, keep them mentally and physically engaged, and consult your vet if anything feels off. With the right awareness and care, you can keep grass-eating in check—and your dog happy, healthy, and thriving.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

1. Reduction in grass eating behaviours in the domestic dog, Canis familiaris, in response to a mild gastrointestinal disturbance
2. Grass-Eating Behaviour in the Domestic Dog, “Canis familiarise”
3. Grass eating patterns in the domestic dog, Canis familiaris
4. Human-directed gazing behavior in domestic dogs (canis familiarise)
5. Characterisation of plant eating in dogs
6. 112 Modulating Effects of Miscanthus Grass and Prebiotic Blends on Canine Fecal Microbiota, Metabolites, and Digestibility
7. The effects on nutrient utilization and stool quality of Beagle dogs fed diets with beet pulp, cellulose, and Miscanthus grass
8. Immunoglobulin E-specific allergens against leaf in serum of dogs with clinical features of grass leaf allergy.

The post Why Do Dogs Eat Grass? The Real Reasons & What to Do appeared first on Canine Bible.

Every dog owner dreads the moment their pup shows signs of illness—but what if you could spot the warning signs before they become serious problems? From itchy skin and upset stomachs to more serious conditions like arthritis or diabetes, many of the most common dog health issues are preventable—or at least manageable—with early intervention and the right care. In this guide, we’ll walk you through 20 of the most frequently diagnosed dog health problems, how to recognize the symptoms, and what you can do to treat or prevent them. Whether you’re a first-time pet parent or a seasoned dog lover, knowing what to look for can make all the difference in your dog’s long-term health.

Common Dog Health Issues

These are the most common dog health problems, along with solutions, tips, and products to prevent them.

1. Dental Issues

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Dental disease, also known as periodontal disease, is one of the most common health problems in dogs—affecting over 80% of dogs by age three. It begins with plaque buildup on the teeth, which hardens into tartar and leads to inflammation of the gums (gingivitis). If untreated, bacteria can travel beneath the gumline, damaging the tissues and bone that support the teeth. This not only leads to tooth loss, but the bacteria can also enter the bloodstream, potentially affecting vital organs such as the heart, liver, and kidneys.

Recommended Products for Dental Health

• Virbac C.E.T. enzymatic toothpaste: Safe for dogs, enzymatic formula (View on Amazon)
• Greenies dental chews: Vet-approved daily chew (View on Amazon)
• Fresh dog food diet: Its natural texture and whole ingredients reduce plaque without the harsh abrasiveness of processed kibble (Learn More)

2. Ear Infections (Otitis Externa)

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Ear infections are one of the most common medical issues in dogs, particularly in breeds with floppy ears, allergies, or excessive inner ear hair. These infections typically occur when bacteria or yeast thrive in the moist, warm environment of the ear canal. Symptoms often include head shaking, scratching, and a foul odor. If left untreated, infections can become chronic, painful, and may even cause hearing loss or balance issues. Regular ear care is key to both prevention and early detection.

Recommended Products for Ear Health:

• Zymox otic enzymatic solution with hydrocortisone: Treats yeast and bacterial infections, reduces inflammation (View on Amazon)
• Vet’s Best Ear Relief Wash: Gentle botanical solution for cleaning and drying ears (View on Amazon)
• Virbac Epi-Otic advanced ear cleaner: Ideal for routine ear hygiene, especially for dogs prone to recurring infections (View on Amazon)

3. Skin Allergies (Atopic Dermatitis)

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Skin allergies, also known as atopic dermatitis, are one of the leading causes of chronic itching and skin irritation in dogs. These allergies are typically triggered by environmental allergens like pollen, dust mites, mold, or grasses. Dogs often show symptoms such as paw licking, ear infections, and redness on the belly, paws, or face. If left unmanaged, constant scratching can lead to skin infections and hair loss. Identifying the allergen and using a combination of treatments is key to long-term relief.

Recommended Products for Skin Allergies

• Vet’s Best allergy itch relief shampoo: Soothes itchy, irritated skin with oatmeal and essential oils (View on Amazon)
• Natural allergy dog remedies: Try immune-boosting supplements for seasonal and environmental allergies (Learn More)
• Pet MD hydrocortisone spray: Fast relief from itching and hot spots, great for sensitive areas (View on Amazon)

4. Obesity in Dogs

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Obesity is a growing health concern for dogs and can shorten a dog’s lifespan by up to two years. It increases the risk of numerous chronic conditions including arthritis, heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory issues. Causes range from overfeeding and lack of exercise to underlying hormonal disorders like hypothyroidism. Early signs include reduced mobility, excessive weight gain, and reluctance to exercise. Managing obesity involves a combination of portion control, dietary changes, and regular physical activity.

Recommended Products for Dog Weight Management

• Weight management dog food: Vet-formulated food to safely reduce weight (Learn More)
• Outward hound slow feeder: Slows eating to reduce calorie intake and boredom (View on Amazon)
• Digital dog food scale scoop: Helps accurately portion meals to prevent overfeeding (View on Amazon)

5. Arthritis (Osteoarthritis)

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Arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis, is one of the most common chronic conditions in older dogs. It occurs when the cartilage between joints breaks down, leading to inflammation, stiffness, and pain. Over time, dogs may become reluctant to walk, jump, or climb stairs. While there is no cure, arthritis can be effectively managed with lifestyle changes, weight control, pain relief, and joint supplements. Early intervention is key to preserving mobility and quality of life.

Recommended Products for Arthritis Relief

• Nutramax Dasuquin advanced with MSM: One of the most vet-recommended joint supplements for arthritis (View on Amazon)
• Ruffwear support lift harness: Helps arthritic dogs with stairs or walking assistance (View on Amazon)
• Orthopedic dog bed: Try Orthopedic Original Bully Bed, it eases pressure on sore joints and promotes restful sleep (More Dog Bed Options)

6. Diarrhea

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Diarrhea is one of the most common signs of digestive upset in dogs. While often caused by something minor—like eating something unusual—it can also be a symptom of infections, parasites, allergies, or chronic diseases. It ranges from mild and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening if dehydration occurs. Monitoring frequency, consistency, and color can help determine if a vet visit is needed. Prompt care and dietary management are essential for recovery and preventing complications.

Recommended Products for Managing Dog Diarrhea

• Probiotic supplement: Vet-recommended for restoring gut flora and easing diarrhea (Best Dog Probiotics)
• Dog diarrhea treatment: Soothes upset stomachs and firms stool (Best Dog Diarrhea Remedies)
• Under the weather bland diet: Gentle food for recovery from GI upset and diarrhea (View on Amazon)

7. Allergies in Dogs (Food, Environmental, Seasonal)

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Allergies in dogs can be triggered by food, environmental factors (like pollen or dust mites), or seasonal changes. Unlike humans who often sneeze, allergic dogs typically experience itchy skin, ear infections, and gastrointestinal issues. Chronic scratching or licking, red paws, and hot spots are common indicators. Some breeds are genetically predisposed, and allergy symptoms can worsen with age. Managing allergies usually requires a combination of identifying the trigger and long-term symptom control.

Recommended Products for Dog Allergies

• Dog allergy mediciene: Helps quickly relieve itching, swelling, and other allergy symptoms (Best Dog Allergy Medicine)
• Dog allergy test: Identifies potential allergens so you can eliminate triggers from your dog’s environment or diet. (Best Dog Allergy Kits)
• Dog gut health test: Uncovers gut imbalances that may be contributing to allergic reactions, guiding targeted dietary support. (Best Dog Gut Health Test)

8. Cancer

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in dogs over the age of 10, though it can affect younger pets as well. Common types include lymphoma, mast cell tumors, and hemangiosarcoma. Symptoms vary widely depending on the type but often include abnormal lumps, sudden weight loss, fatigue, or unexplained bleeding. While some cancers are treatable or manageable, early detection and veterinary diagnosis are crucial for improving outcomes and quality of life.

Recommended Products for Dogs with Cancer

• Human-grade dog food: Minimally processed and rich in antioxidants that supports immune function. Avoids potential toxins linked to cancer found highly processed kibble. (Learn More)
• Omega-3 fish oil supplements: Help reduce inflammation and may slow tumor growth by supporting cellular health. (View on Amazon)
• Mushroom-based immune support: Contains beta-glucans that may enhance immune response and support dogs undergoing chemotherapy.
  (View on Amazon)

9. Hip Dysplasia

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Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t form properly, leading to instability, cartilage damage, and eventually arthritis. It’s especially common in large and giant breeds but can affect smaller dogs too. Signs often begin in puppyhood or show up later in life as stiffness, lameness, or difficulty rising. Left unmanaged, hip dysplasia can severely limit mobility and quality of life. While there’s no cure, early intervention and lifestyle management can slow progression.

Recommended Products for Hip Dysplasia Support

• Joint dog supplements: Helps support joint health and reduce inflammation (Best Joint Dog Supplements)
• PetFusion orthopedic dog bed: Improves rest and joint relief for dogs with mobility issues (View on Amazon)
• Support lift harness: Provides hip support for dogs needing help with stairs or walking (View on Amazon)

10. Vomiting

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Vomiting in dogs can be triggered by a wide range of issues, from minor digestive upset to serious underlying diseases. Occasional vomiting may result from eating too fast, consuming something inappropriate, or motion sickness. However, frequent or severe vomiting may indicate infections, organ dysfunction, poisoning, or chronic GI conditions. Monitoring the frequency, timing, and contents of vomit helps determine the urgency. Quick intervention prevents dehydration and helps uncover the root cause.

Recommended Products for Vomiting Support

• Sensitive dog food: Gentle on the stomach and easy to digest, helping soothe gastrointestinal upset (Learn More)
• Probiotic supplements: Help restore healthy gut flora and balance digestion after vomiting or diarrhea. (Learn More)

11. Cataracts

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Cataracts in dogs are a clouding of the eye’s lens that blocks light from reaching the retina, resulting in blurred vision or blindness. They may form due to aging, diabetes, trauma, or inherited conditions. While some cataracts develop slowly, others progress rapidly and may lead to secondary issues like glaucoma. Surgical removal is often successful, especially when performed early. Regular eye exams are key to detecting cataracts before vision loss becomes permanent.

Recommended Products for Cataract Support

• I-DROP Vet plus lubricating drops: Maintains moisture and comfort for aging eyes (View on Amazom)
• Zesty Paws eye supplement: Supports lens and retinal health in dogs (View on Amazon)
• Pet MD dog eye wash cleaner: Gently flushes out irritants and reduces inflammation (View on Amazon)

12. Dog Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus)

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Bloat, also known as Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV), is a life-threatening condition where a dog’s stomach fills with gas and twists on itself. This blocks blood flow and traps air and food, rapidly leading to shock and death if not treated immediately. It primarily affects deep-chested breeds and often strikes without warning. Symptoms progress within hours and require emergency surgery. Fast eating, large meals, and vigorous exercise after eating are key risk factors.

Recommended Products for Preventing Dog Bloat

• Outward Hound slow feeder: Slows down eating and reduces air intake (View on Amazon)
• PetSafe healthy pet food station (Gravity Feeder): Helps prevent gorging large meals (View on Amazon)

13. Seizures & Epilepsy

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Seizures in dogs are sudden, uncontrolled bursts of electrical activity in the brain. They can occur as isolated incidents or as part of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Seizures may involve collapsing, stiffening, paddling legs, drooling, or temporary loss of awareness. While scary to witness, many dogs live normal lives with medication and monitoring. Causes range from genetic epilepsy to toxins, tumors, or metabolic disorders, and a vet diagnosis is essential for proper management.

Recommended Products for Dogs with Seizures

• CBD oil: Vet-formulated CBD tincture for calming and seizure support (Best Dog CBD Oil For Seizures)
• Omega-3 fish oil: Supports brain health and may reduce inflammation that can contribute to neurological issues (View on Amazon)
• Dog DNA test: Can identify genetic predispositions to seizures and guide preventative care. (View on Embark)

14. Worms

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Worms are among the most common internal parasites in dogs, and they come in several types: roundworms, hookworms, tapeworms, whipworms, and heartworms. Each type affects different parts of the body and can cause symptoms ranging from weight loss and diarrhea to coughing and even heart failure. Puppies are especially vulnerable. Many worms are zoonotic, meaning they can spread to humans. Routine deworming and preventive medications are essential for protection.

Recommended Products for Worm Prevention & Treatment

• Interceptor plus: Broad-spectrum monthly chew for heartworms and intestinal worms (View on Amazon)
• Bayer tapeworm dewormer (Praziquantel): Effective single-dose tablet for tapeworms (View on Amazon)
• PetArmor 7-Way dewormer for Dogs: Treats and controls two types of tapeworms, roundworms, and hookworms (View on Amazon)

15. Diabetes (Canine Diabetes Mellitus)

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition in which a dog’s body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or doesn’t use it properly, leading to high blood sugar. It’s most common in middle-aged to senior dogs and can be life-threatening if untreated. Early signs include excessive thirst, increased urination, weight loss, and fatigue. With daily insulin injections, a controlled diet, and routine vet visits, diabetic dogs can live happy, healthy lives.

Recommended Products for Dogs with Diabetes:

• U-40 Insulin Syringes for Dogs: Designed specifically for precise canine insulin dosing (View on Amazon)
• Hill’s Prescription diet w/d multi-benefit: Fiber-rich diabetic food that helps regulate blood sugar (View on Amazon)
• OHC GluNEO Blood Glucose Monitoring Kit: Vet-trusted at-home glucose testing device for dogs (View on Amaon)

16. Fleas, Ticks & Mites

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Fleas, ticks, and mites are external parasites that feed on your dog’s blood or skin, causing intense itching, inflammation, and even serious illnesses. Fleas can lead to flea allergy dermatitis and tapeworms. Ticks may transmit Lyme disease and other infections. Mites cause mange, ear infections, and skin irritation. While these pests are common, they’re also preventable. Regular use of vet-approved preventives, grooming, and parasite checks can keep your dog itch-free and safe year-round.

Recommended Products for Fleas, Ticks & Mites:

• NexGard soft chew for dogs: Kills fleas and ticks fast; monthly chewable (View on Amazon)
• Adams Plus flea & tick shampoo: Cleans and kills parasites on contact (View on Amazon)
• Vet’s Best flea & tick home spray: Natural formula for bedding, carpets, and furniture (View on Amazon)

17. Anal Gland Problems

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Anal glands, located near a dog’s rectum, naturally express a strong-smelling fluid during defecation. When these glands become impacted or infected, it leads to discomfort, swelling, and sometimes abscesses. Dogs with anal gland issues often scoot, lick excessively, or show signs of pain near the rear. While small breed dogs are more prone, any dog can experience it. Regular gland expression, a high-fiber diet, and maintaining a healthy weight help reduce flare-ups.

Recommended Products for Anal Gland Health:

• Glandex anal gland soft chews: Vet-formulated to promote healthy gland function and firm stools (View on Amazon)
• The Honest Kitchen Pumpkin Supplement: Natural, high-fiber topper to support digestive health (View on The Honest Kitchen)
• Vetnique labs furbliss hygienic wipes: Helps clean the anal area and reduce irritation after scooting (View on Amazon)

18. Kennel Cough

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Kennel cough is a highly contagious respiratory disease in dogs, similar to the common cold in humans. It spreads quickly in places like boarding facilities, dog parks, and groomers—hence the name. Dogs with kennel cough often have a dry, hacking cough, but may also experience sneezing, nasal discharge, or lethargy. While it usually resolves on its own in mild cases, young puppies, seniors, or immunocompromised dogs may require treatment to prevent complications like pneumonia.

Recommended Products for Kennel Cough Support:

• HomeoPet cough relief for dogs: Natural remedy to ease dry, hacking cough (View on Amazon)
• VetRx respiratory relief: Herbal vapor rub to support breathing and immune function (View on Amazon)
• Nobivac Bordetella vaccine: Protects against one of the most common causes of kennel cough.

19. Parvovirus

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Parvovirus is a highly contagious and often deadly virus that attacks the gastrointestinal tract of dogs, particularly puppies. It spreads through infected feces and can survive in the environment for months. Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, vomiting, lethargy, and rapid dehydration. Without immediate veterinary care, parvo can be fatal. However, it is preventable through proper vaccination, which is considered a core part of puppy care and routine adult boosters.

Recommended Products for Parvo Prevention & Recovery

• DHPP vaccine series: Protects against Parvo, Distemper, and other deadly viruses (administered by vet)
• Performance disinfectant / deodorizer for pet surfaces: Effective for disinfecting areas contaminated with Parvo (View on Amazon)
• Electrolyte solution (vet-approved): Helps with hydration during mild cases or post-treatment (View on Amazon)

20. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in dogs are caused by bacteria entering the urinary system, typically the bladder. They are more common in female dogs, older dogs, and those with underlying health conditions. Symptoms often include frequent urination, straining, accidents in the house, or even blood in the urine. While UTIs are usually treatable with antibiotics, untreated infections can lead to kidney issues or bladder stones. Routine vet checks and hydration are key to prevention.

Recommended Products for UTI Support & Prevention

• At-home dog UTI test strips: Allow early detection of urinary issues so you can act quickly before symptoms worsen (View on Amazon)
• Zesty Paws cranberry bladder Bites: Supports urinary tract health with D-Mannose and cranberry (View on Amazon)
• Hill’s prescription urinary care diet c/d: Formulated to lower the recurrence of urinary issues (View on Amazon)

The Bottom Line

Your dog’s health is in your hands—and knowledge is your best tool. By understanding the most common health issues dogs face and taking steps to prevent them, you can help your pup live a longer, happier life. From regular vet checkups and a balanced diet to early detection and proactive care, small choices today can lead to big health benefits tomorrow. Stay informed, stay observant, and most importantly—stay connected with your dog’s needs.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

The post 20 Most Common Dog Health Problems: Solutions & Prevention appeared first on Canine Bible.

Looking for the perfect dog that’s not too big and not too small? Medium-sized dog breeds strike the ideal balance—offering the loyalty and personality of large dogs without the space or exercise demands. Whether you live in a city apartment, a suburban home, or have kids and other pets, there’s a medium dog breed that can fit your lifestyle. From energetic herders to laid-back companions, this guide breaks down the 50 best medium-sized dog breeds, including key traits, care tips, and who they’re best suited for.

What Is Considered a Medium-Sized Dog?

While definitions may vary slightly between kennel clubs and organizations, medium-sized dogs are generally classified as those weighing between 26 to 50 pounds and standing approximately 16 to 20 inches tall at the shoulder.

Medium Dog Breeds Rankings

We’ve ranked the medium canines by weight and height.

Why Medium-Sized Dogs Make Great Pets

Medium-sized dogs strike the perfect balance between small and large breeds, and that comes with a lot of advantages:

• Ideal for smaller spaces: They adapt better to apartments and homes without yards than larger breeds, making them a great choice for urban living.
• Balanced energy levels: Most have a moderate energy level—more relaxed than small dog breeds, high-strung breeds, but not as demanding as larger, high-endurance dogs.
• Easier to travel with: Their manageable size makes transportation simpler, whether it’s in a car, on public transit, or staying in pet-friendly hotels with size restrictions.
• Longer lifespan & lower costs: Medium dogs typically outlive larger breeds and cost less to care for in terms of food, grooming, and some health-related expenses.
• Great temperaments: Many medium-sized breeds are known for their friendly, adaptable nature, excelling as family companions, therapy dogs, and even service animals.

Medium Dog Breeds

Here are the top medium dog breeds for families.

If you’re ready to bring home your family’s next furry friend, Pawrade and PuppySpot are the top resources for getting medium dog breeds. They offer puppies from reputable breeders in the U.S.

1. Border Collie

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The Border Collie is widely regarded as the most intelligent dog breed in the world. Originally bred for herding sheep in the border region between England and Scotland, this breed is known for its intense energy, laser focus, and unmatched work ethic. Border Collies thrive on physical and mental stimulation and excel in obedience, agility, and canine sports. They require experienced owners who can keep up with their energy and engage their minds daily. Loving and loyal, they form deep bonds with their families but can be shy around strangers.

2. Australian Shepherd

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The Australian Shepherd, affectionately known as the “Aussie,” is a high-energy herding dog originally developed in the United States, not Australia as the name suggests. They are known for their incredible intelligence, agility, and signature merle coat patterns. Aussies thrive in active households and excel at obedience, agility, and other dog sports. These dogs are loyal and affectionate with their families but can be wary of strangers. Because of their boundless energy and mental sharpness, they need daily exercise and stimulation to stay happy and well-behaved.

3. Cocker Spaniel

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The Cocker Spaniel is a charming and affectionate breed known for its soulful eyes, long ears, and flowing coat. Originally bred as a bird dog, today’s Cocker is just as comfortable snuggling on the couch as it is chasing a ball. They’re gentle, playful, and great with children, making them a favorite among families. Cocker Spaniels are eager to please, which makes them highly trainable, but they do require regular grooming and daily activity to stay healthy and happy. Their cheerful disposition makes them one of the most beloved companion dogs.

4. Staffordshire Bull Terrier

Affectionately known as the “Staffy,” the Staffordshire Bull Terrier is a compact, muscular, and courageous breed with a big heart. Despite their tough appearance, Staffies are incredibly affectionate, especially with children—they’re often called “nanny dogs” for their devotion to family. Originally bred for bull-baiting and later dog fighting, today’s Staffy is a loyal, people-oriented companion who craves attention and thrives in a loving household. They are intelligent, eager to please, and benefit greatly from early socialization and training.

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5. Standard Schnauzer

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The Standard Schnauzer is the original and most balanced of the three Schnauzer sizes. Known for its iconic beard, wiry coat, and sharp intelligence, this breed is both playful and protective. Bred in Germany as a farm and guard dog, the Standard Schnauzer is a natural watchdog with strong loyalty to its family. They’re often described as having a “human-like” quality thanks to their expressive eyes and alert demeanor. While they are low-shedding, their coat needs consistent grooming.

6. English Springer Spaniel

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The English Springer Spaniel is a cheerful, athletic, and affectionate breed originally developed as a bird dog. Known for their wagging tails and boundless enthusiasm, Springers are eager to please and thrive in active households. They’re highly trainable, sociable, and excel in obedience and agility sports. Their gentle nature makes them wonderful with children, while their alertness and stamina make them great outdoor companions. However, their feathery coat does require consistent grooming.

7. Whippet

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The Whippet is a sleek, athletic breed that combines speed with a surprisingly calm and cuddly temperament. Known as the “poor man’s racehorse,” Whippets are lightning-fast on the sprint but are also one of the laziest breeds indoors — earning them the nickname “45-mph couch potato.” They’re gentle, quiet, and sensitive, making them ideal for peaceful households. While they rarely bark or cause trouble, they do have a strong prey drive and should be kept in secure areas when off-leash.

8. Brittany Spaniel

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The Brittany is a high-spirited and agile hunting dog known for its cheerful nature and birdy instincts. Lighter and more leggy than other spaniels, the Brittany excels in both fieldwork and as an energetic family companion. These dogs are incredibly trainable and thrive on attention and physical activity. They bond deeply with their humans and do best in homes that can meet their need for both mental stimulation and exercise. Their short, wavy coat is easy to maintain.

9. Keeshond

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The Keeshond (pronounced “KAYZ-hawnd”) is a lively, affectionate companion dog with a history as a Dutch barge watchdog. Instantly recognizable by their plush silver-and-black coat and expressive “spectacles” around the eyes, Keeshonden are deeply attached to their families and thrive on human interaction. They are alert but not aggressive, making them excellent watchdogs and family pets. This breed does best indoors with frequent attention and regular play, and they’re particularly fond of children.

10. Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever

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The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever — or “Toller” — is the smallest of the retriever breeds and one of the most energetic. Originally bred in Canada to lure and retrieve waterfowl, Tollers are intelligent, agile, and full of drive. They love to play fetch, swim, and problem-solve, making them ideal companions for active families. Recognizable by their fox-like appearance and reddish coats with white markings, Tollers form strong bonds with their people but can be reserved with strangers.

11. Chinese Shar-Pei

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The Chinese Shar-Pei is an unmistakable breed with its deep wrinkles, broad muzzle, and dignified stance. Originally bred in China as a guard and fighting dog, the Shar-Pei is now a calm and loyal family companion. While typically reserved and aloof with strangers, they form strong bonds with their families and are protective without being aggressive. Their short, bristly coat is easy to care for, but their skin folds require regular cleaning to prevent infection.

12. American Eskimo Dog

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The American Eskimo Dog, affectionately called the “Eskie,” is a strikingly beautiful breed known for its fluffy white coat, alert expression, and lively personality. Originally bred as a companion and circus performer, this spitz-type breed is highly intelligent, quick to learn tricks, and thrives on interaction. Eskies form strong bonds with their families and are especially devoted to their humans. While friendly and social, they also make excellent watchdogs due to their natural alertness and vocal nature.

13. Bearded Collie

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The Bearded Collie, affectionately known as the “Beardie,” is a cheerful and bouncy herding breed with a long, shaggy coat and unmistakable charm. Originally developed in Scotland to herd sheep and cattle, Beardies are energetic, affectionate, and thrive on activity and companionship. They are intelligent problem-solvers that love to work and play, often displaying a signature “Beardie bounce” when excited. Their high energy and grooming needs make them best suited for dedicated, active owners.

14. Portuguese Podengo

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The Portuguese Podengo is a lively and primitive hound breed that comes in three sizes, but the medium-sized Podengo is especially prized for its agility, intelligence, and independent spirit. Originally used in Portugal to hunt rabbits and small game, this breed is known for its keen senses, speed, and vocal nature. Podengos are affectionate with their families but retain a watchdog instinct, often alerting owners with a bark. Their short or wire coat is easy to maintain, and they thrive in active homes.

15. Finnish Lapphund

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The Finnish Lapphund is a hardy, intelligent, and affectionate spitz-type breed developed in Lapland to herd reindeer. Known for its thick double coat, expressive eyes, and gentle temperament, the Lapphund thrives in colder climates and active households. These dogs are deeply loyal and eager to please, often described as “talkative” and emotionally attuned to their owners. While naturally reserved with strangers, they are highly social with family and make excellent companions for children and other pets.

16. Australian Cattle Dog

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The Australian Cattle Dog, also known as the Blue Heeler or Queensland Heeler, is a tough, intelligent, and hardworking herding breed developed to drive cattle across long distances in rugged Australian terrain. These dogs are known for their endurance, agility, and fierce loyalty. They thrive in active households where they can stay mentally and physically engaged. With their alert expression and muscular build, Cattle Dogs are excellent companions for experienced owners who appreciate their independence and working drive.

17. English Cocker Spaniel

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The English Cocker Spaniel is a cheerful and affectionate breed known for its soulful eyes, silky coat, and ever-wagging tail. Originally bred as a gundog, this medium-sized spaniel thrives on human companionship and excels in both the field and the home. They are playful, adaptable, and eager to please, making them a favorite among families. With their friendly nature and moderate energy level, English Cockers do well in both active and relaxed households.

18. Puli

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The Puli is a distinctive Hungarian herding breed best known for its long, corded coat that resembles dreadlocks. Beneath the unique coat lies an agile, energetic dog with a sharp mind and strong work ethic. Historically used to herd sheep across the Hungarian plains, the Puli is fast, nimble, and thrives on activity. While naturally wary of strangers, they’re devoted and playful with family. Their coat requires dedication to maintain but is naturally water- and weather-resistant.

19. Norwegian Elkhound

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The Norwegian Elkhound is an ancient Nordic breed prized for its versatility, courage, and loyalty. Originally bred to hunt elk and other large game, Elkhounds are hardy, muscular, and full of stamina. With their thick gray coat, curled tail, and alert expression, they thrive in colder climates and active homes. These dogs are highly protective of their families, friendly yet independent, and require firm but fair training from an experienced owner.

20. Finnish Spitz

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The Finnish Spitz is Finland’s national dog, celebrated for its fox-like appearance, vibrant red-golden coat, and signature “yodel-like” bark. Originally bred for hunting game birds and small mammals, this spitz breed is alert, agile, and vocal. Finnish Spitzes form strong bonds with their families and are known for being playful, loyal, and good with children. While independent thinkers, they are affectionate with those they trust and shine in homes that appreciate their spirited personality and love of “talking.”

21. Kerry Blue Terrier

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The Kerry Blue Terrier is an elegant, muscular terrier known for its striking blue-gray coat and bold personality. Originally bred in Ireland for hunting small game and guarding farms, the Kerry is both athletic and affectionate. These dogs are intelligent and spirited, with a strong-willed streak typical of terriers. Their non-shedding, wavy coat makes them popular among allergy-sensitive households, though it requires regular grooming. With proper training, they make loyal, protective companions.

22. Canaan Dog

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The Canaan Dog is Israel’s national breed and one of the world’s oldest pariah dogs, known for its intelligence, independence, and strong survival instincts. Originally used for guarding livestock and property, this medium-sized dog is agile, watchful, and naturally wary of strangers. Canaans are deeply loyal to their family but require early socialization and consistent training due to their independent nature. Their low-maintenance coat and moderate energy level make them well-suited for active owners who value a vigilant companion.

23. Icelandic Sheepdog

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The Icelandic Sheepdog is Iceland’s only native breed—a cheerful, fox-faced herder known for its boundless energy and friendly demeanor. These dogs were historically used to herd sheep and horses across rugged terrain, making them agile, alert, and always ready for action. With their curled tail and expressive eyes, they thrive on human companionship and do best in active households. Icelandic Sheepdogs are vocal, playful, and excel at dog sports and outdoor adventures.

24. Basenji

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The Basenji, often called the “barkless dog,” is an ancient African hunting breed known for its cat-like cleanliness, independence, and signature yodel-like vocalization. Compact and athletic, Basenjis are highly intelligent, curious, and energetic. They thrive on mental stimulation and physical activity, making them ideal for experienced owners who enjoy training challenges. Their short coat is easy to maintain, and their loyal yet aloof nature makes them uniquely endearing.

25. Wirehaired Pointing Griffon

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The Wirehaired Pointing Griffon is a rugged, medium-sized gundog celebrated for its excellent nose, versatility in the field, and affectionate nature at home. Often called the “supreme gundog,” this breed is an enthusiastic hunter and tireless worker with a weather-resistant, low-shedding coat. Griffs are devoted to their families, easy to train, and highly responsive to positive reinforcement. They thrive in active homes and are as content hiking trails as they are cuddling on the couch.

26. Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier

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The Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier is a joyful and affectionate Irish breed known for its silky, wheat-colored coat and bouncy personality. Friendly and spirited, Wheatens are less feisty than many other terriers, making them great companions for families. They’re intelligent and eager to please, though they benefit from early socialization and firm, positive training. Their single-layer coat doesn’t shed much, but it requires regular grooming to prevent mats and tangles.

27. Portuguese Water Dog

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The Portuguese Water Dog (PWD) is an energetic, intelligent breed originally developed to herd fish into nets and retrieve lost tackle for Portuguese fishermen. With its waterproof, curly or wavy coat and strong swimming ability, the PWD excels in aquatic activities and agility sports. These dogs are affectionate, loyal, and hypoallergenic, making them a great choice for active families. They thrive on mental stimulation and physical activity, and their exuberance makes them excellent companions.

28. Standard Poodle

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The Standard Poodle is one of the most intelligent and versatile dog breeds in the world. Originally bred as a water retriever in Germany and standardized in France, the Poodle excels in obedience, agility, and even hunting. Despite its elegant appearance, the breed is athletic, highly trainable, and full of energy. Their hypoallergenic, curly coat requires regular grooming, but makes them ideal for allergy-sensitive homes. Poodles are known for their wit, loyalty, and eagerness to bond with family.

29. American Water Spaniel

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The American Water Spaniel is a rare, all-American breed developed in the Midwest as a versatile hunting dog, capable of working both on land and in water. Compact, muscular, and eager to please, these spaniels are known for their tightly curled coat and excellent retrieving skills. They’re affectionate with family, good with children, and responsive to training when handled with patience. Their energy and curiosity make them ideal for active households who enjoy the outdoors.

30. Barbet

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The Barbet is a rare French water dog known for its dense, curly coat and gentle demeanor. Originally bred to retrieve waterfowl, Barbets are natural swimmers with a calm, affectionate personality that makes them excellent family dogs. Intelligent and eager to please, they respond well to training and thrive in active households. Their low-shedding coat is often described as hypoallergenic, but it requires regular maintenance to prevent matting.

Other Medium Dog Breeds (31 – 50)

The Bottom Line

With so many incredible medium-sized dog breeds to choose from, the perfect companion is out there waiting for you. Whether you want a high-energy adventure buddy, a gentle family protector, or a laid-back cuddle partner, this list of the 50 best medium-sized dog breeds offers something for every personality and lifestyle. Remember to consider your living space, activity level, and experience as a dog owner when making your choice. If you are allergic to dogs, check out our guide to the best hypoallergenic dog breeds.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

The post 50 Best Medium Dog Breeds: For Any Family & Lifestyle appeared first on Canine Bible.

Yes, dogs can take Benadryl in moderation, and this common over-the-counter medication can offer some health benefits—particularly for allergies, itching, and even motion sickness. However, before giving your dog Benadryl, several important factors must be considered. While plain Benadryl (diphenhydramine) without added ingredients is generally safe, some formulations—like those containing alcohol, decongestants, or artificial sweeteners such as xylitol—can harm dogs. Plus, what about dosage based on your dog’s weight and size? Can too much Benadryl cause side effects like drowsiness or dry mouth? This guide will explore the benefits, potential risks, proper dosage, and the safest way to give Benadryl to your dog.

What Is Benadryl?

Benadryl is the brand name for diphenhydramine, an over-the-counter antihistamine commonly used to relieve allergy symptoms in humans—and, under veterinary guidance, it can also be safely used for dogs. Its active ingredient, diphenhydramine, is a first-generation H₁-antihistamine that works by blocking the effects of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.

Component Analysis

Here is a breakdown of all the ingredients in Benadryl tablets and their safety for dogs.

Component	Purpose	Details	Safe for Dogs?
Diphenhydramine HCl	Active Ingredient (Antihistamine)	25 mg per tablet; blocks histamine to reduce allergic reactions, itching, and inflammation.	Yes – Vet-approved in correct dosage
Carnauba wax	Inactive Ingredient (Tablet coating)	Used to give a shiny finish and protect the tablet.	Yes – Considered safe
Croscarmellose sodium	Inactive Ingredient (Disintegrant)	Helps the tablet dissolve properly in the digestive tract.	Yes – Generally safe
D&C Red No. 27 Aluminum Lake	Inactive Ingredient (Colorant)	Artificial dye used for coloring tablets.	Caution – Artificial dyes may cause reactions in sensitive dogs
Dibasic calcium phosphate	Inactive Ingredient (Filler/Binder)	Provides structure and consistency to the tablet.	Yes – Generally recognized as safe
Hypromellose	Inactive Ingredient (Coating/Tablet binder)	Used for extended release and tablet integrity.	Yes – Non-toxic
Magnesium stearate	Inactive Ingredient (Lubricant)	Prevents sticking during tablet production.	Yes – Safe in small amounts
Microcrystalline cellulose	Inactive Ingredient (Binder)	Helps maintain tablet form and stability.	Yes – Non-toxic
Polyethylene glycol	Inactive Ingredient (Solvent/Plasticizer)	Improves coating flexibility and texture.	Caution – High doses may cause diarrhea
Polysorbate 80	Inactive Ingredient (Emulsifier/Surfactant)	Helps dissolve ingredients and improve absorption.	Caution – Linked to allergies in rare cases
Titanium dioxide	Inactive Ingredient (Pigment/Colorant)	Used to whiten tablets; banned in food use in EU (2022).	Controversial – Generally safe, but under scrutiny

What Is Benadryl Used For In Dogs

While it is not FDA-approved for veterinary use, it is widely considered safe and effective when administered under veterinary guidance.

What The Science Says

Here is what research says about the claimed benefits and uses of Benadryl for dogs

• Antihistamine (anti-allergic) properties of Benadryl: A study published in The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics found that Benadryl significantly reduced histamine-induced muscle spasms and blood pressure drops, even at highly diluted doses. Although results were mixed, it also showed potential to reduce gastric acid secretion triggered by histamine. Importantly, Benadryl does not interfere with emergency medications like epinephrine and may actually enhance their effects, reinforcing its safety and reliability for managing mild allergic reactions in dogs. ^[1]
• Reduces allergic shock: Dogs that were given Benadryl intravenously (10 mg/kg) prior to allergen exposure experienced significantly fewer fatal reactions—showing zero deaths in 22 treated dogs compared to 9 deaths in 26 untreated controls.^[2] These findings support that Benadryl can effectively reduce the severity of anaphylaxis shock, a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.
• ​Reduces vomiting: ​Researchers discovered that administering Benadryl before giving apomorphine—a drug known to induce vomiting—significantly reduced the likelihood of vomiting.^[3] This suggests that Benadryl can be effective in preventing nausea and vomiting in dogs, particularly in situations like motion sickness or after ingesting substances that might cause vomiting.
• More beneficial than other antihistamines: A study compared Benadryl to two other antihistamines—Pyribenzamine and Neoantergan—in dogs. It was found that all three drugs worked equally well in blocking the blood pressure-lowering effects of histamine. However, only Benadryl reduced the effects of another chemical called acetylcholine, showing it may have broader actions. Benadryl helped relax the intestines in dogs, while the other two drugs affected other organs like the uterus and small intestine differently. Additionally, all three antihistamines made the body respond more strongly to epinephrine (adrenaline), which could help treat allergic reactions.^[4]

Safety Guidelines & Rules

Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is generally safe for dogs when used correctly, but there are important safety rules to follow.

1. Consult Your Veterinarian

Before administering Benadryl, please seek professional advice to determine whether it’s appropriate for your dog’s health needs. If you can’t reach your vet, you can chat live with a registered online veterinary professional via our online vet chat or video chat support (24 hours a day, 7 days a week).

2. Use Dog-Friendly Benadryl

Ensure the product contains only diphenhydramine without additional active ingredients like decongestants or alcohol, which can be harmful to dogs. For example, Benadryl Allergy Ultratabs (must say ONLY active ingredient: Diphenhydramine HCl).

These are the three types of Benadryl that are safe for dogs:

• Benadryl tablets (View on Amazon)
• Children’s Benadryl liquid (View on Amazon)
• Benadryl capsules (View on Amazon)

3. Benadryl Types to Avoid

• Time-release capsules (risk of overdose due to uneven absorption).
• Liquid Benadryl with alcohol or sodium (toxic to dogs).
• Benadryl containing xylitol (artificial sweetener toxic to dogs).
• Combination products (e.g., those with decongestants, acetaminophen, or other active ingredients).
• Topical Benadryl products (creams, sprays, or gels with additional ingredients unsafe for dogs).

4. Health Conditions Requiring Caution or Avoidance

Dogs taking certain medications (e.g., monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, some antifungals, potassium supplements, and specific diuretics) may be at increased risk for adverse effects or drug interactions. Benadryl should be used with caution or avoided in dogs with:

5. Special Considerations

• For small dogs, children’s Benadryl may allow for more accurate dosing.
• Liquid Benadryl is absorbed differently; consult your vet for proper dosing.
• Monitor your dog closely after administration, especially during the first hour, for any adverse reactions

Benadryl Toxicity In Dogs

Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is generally safe for dogs when used correctly.

In a study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, researchers reviewed 621 cases of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) exposure in dogs. They found that only 23.5% of the dogs developed any clinical symptoms—and when they did, the effects were typically mild, such as lethargy, agitation, tremors, or elevated heart rate. Serious outcomes were rare, with just three fatalities reported across all cases.^[5]

In another serious and rare case published in The Canadian Veterinary Journal, a 10-year-old poodle-cross was found deceased with evidence of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) overdose. The dog had pre-existing health conditions and was suspected to have also ingested ethanol alongside diphenhydramine—both factors that likely contributed to the fatal outcome.^[6]

Moreover, a third study found that Benadryl was well-tolerated by dogs when used within recommended dosing limits.

• At therapeutic levels, dogs experienced no organ damage, sedation, or cumulative toxicity.
• Mild stimulant effects, such as increased heart rate and respiration, were observed at low doses.
• Extremely high doses led to symptoms like sound sensitivity, nervous excitement, and—in rare cases—convulsions or respiratory depression.

Most dogs recovered quickly from non-lethal overdoses, and no signs of allergic reactions or long-term complications were observed over six months of use.^[7]

The findings from these three studies suggest Benadryl is generally safe for dogs. They also underscore the importance of proper dosing, as toxicity is dose-dependent, becomes more likely at higher levels of ingestion, and can be life-threatening.

Top reasons Benadryl can cause toxicity in dogs:

Given the importance of dosage, we’ve created the most comprehensive Benadryl Dosage For Dogs Guide & Calculator to ensure you provide your dog with the right amount and avoid overdosing.

Are Dogs Allergic to Benadryl?

Yes, but it’s rare. Most dogs tolerate Benadryl (diphenhydramine) well, but allergic reactions can happen like any medication. Here are some reasons that could cause dogs to have an allergic reaction to Benadryl:

1. Diphenhydramine sensitivity – Rare, but some dogs react poorly to the drug itself.
2. Inactive ingredients – Fillers, dyes, or coatings in the pill might trigger allergies.
3. Overdose – Giving too much can mimic allergic reactions.

Drug Interactions

Benadryl can interact with various medications, potentially leading to adverse effects. Notable interactions include:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) like amitraz or selegiline.
• Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline or clomipramine.
• Anti-nausea drugs like metoclopramide or cisapride.
• Anticholinergic drugs like atropine or glycopyrrolate.
• Potassium supplements and specific diuretics (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide).
• Sedatives and anesthetics (e.g., acepromazine, butorphanol).

MDR1 Gene Mutation & Benadryl Safety

Dogs with the MDR1 (ABCB1) mutation lack functional P-glycoprotein, a protein responsible for drug elimination and protecting the brain from toxins. Without this protein, drugs like Benadryl may cross the blood-brain barrier more easily, leading to heightened central nervous system effects, including severe sedation, tremors, seizures, or even coma. Herding breeds such as Collies, Australian Shepherds, and Shetland Sheepdogs are at higher risk for MDR1 sensitivity. Dogs with MDR1 mutations may require lower doses of Benadryl or alternative medications to avoid adverse reactions.

Veterinary consultation is essential to adjust dosages or select safer alternatives for MDR1-affected dogs. We highly recommend The EasyDNA MDR1 test to determine if your dog has this mutation. It allows your vet to tailor medication choices safely, including when Benadryl is considered.

Side Effects

The following symptoms may indicate a bad reaction to Benadryl.

• Drowsiness or sedation
• Dry mouth
• Urinary retention
• Vomiting or diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• Agitation or hyperactivity
• Increased heart rate
• Confusion or disorientation

Serious side effects (contact your vet immediately):

• Seizures
• Difficulty breathing
• Collapse or fainting
• Loss of coordination or inability to walk properly

What to Do If A Dog Reacts Badly to Benadryl

Dogs showing worsening symptoms, such as blood in their vomit or stool, difficulty breathing, weakness, or collapse, should be taken to the veterinarian immediately.

1. Contact a veterinarian immediately: Even if your dog appears healthy, contact your veterinarian. In an emergency, if you cannot reach your veterinarian, immediately contact your local animal emergency clinic or a pet poison hotline. This includes services such as the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 1-888-426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline at 1-855-764-7661. Alternatively, you can chat live with a registered online veterinary professional via our online vet chat or video chat support (24 hours a day, 7 days a week). You can also schedule an at-home veterinary appointment with The Vets, a mobile veterinary service that provides at-home vet care nationwide for just about everything.

2. Gather important information: When speaking to a vet, provide the quantity consumed (estimate if unsure), the time of ingestion, and the dog’s weight and breed (to assess potential risk).

3. Follow veterinary instructions: The vet may suggest monitoring at home or emergency treatment at the clinic.

• Keep your dog calm and prevent them from eating anything else.
• Be prepared to transport your dog to the vet quickly if advised.
• Bring any remaining Benadryl or packaging to help the vet assess the situation.

Ways to Feed Benadryl to Dogs

If your vet has approved Benadryl for your dog, here are some safe and easy ways to give it:

Pill pocket or treat: Hide the Benadryl tablet inside a soft treat or a store-bought pill pocket. This is often the easiest and most stress-free method.

Peanut butter or canned food: Wrap the pill in a small spoonful of dog-safe peanut butter (make sure it doesn’t contain xylitol) or mix it with a bit of wet dog food.

Crushed and mixed in: If your dog refuses pills, ask your vet if it’s okay to crush the tablet and mix it into their food. Some dogs may still notice the taste and avoid eating it.

Liquid form (vet-approved only): In some cases, a vet-approved liquid version of Benadryl can be used. Never use children’s liquid Benadryl unless your vet confirms it’s free of xylitol, alcohol, or other harmful ingredients.

Chewable tablets: Some Benadryl products or veterinary-prescribed versions come in flavored chewables that are easier for dogs.

With a pill dispenser: If your dog doesn’t take the pill any other way, a pill popper (pill gun) can be used to gently place it at the back of their throat, followed by water or a treat.

Can Puppies Use Benadryl?

Yes, puppies can take Benadryl, but only under the guidance of a veterinarian. While diphenhydramine—the active ingredient in Benadryl—is generally safe for adult dogs, puppies are more sensitive due to their developing bodies and smaller size. Getting an accurate dosage from your vet is crucial, as even a small amount of too much can lead to side effects like drowsiness, restlessness, or digestive issues. You should also avoid Benadryl products that contain additional ingredients like xylitol, alcohol, or decongestants, as these can be toxic to dogs—especially to young puppies. Liquid versions made for children should also be avoided unless your vet has confirmed they are safe and free from harmful additives. In short, while Benadryl can be used for puppies in certain cases, such as insect bites or mild allergic reactions, it should never be given without professional approval.

Can I Give Benadryl to My Dog For Anxiety?

Benadryl may have mild sedative effects, which can help calm some dogs during stressful events like thunderstorms or fireworks. However, it is not a reliable or recommended treatment for chronic anxiety. There are better options for anxiety management, including prescription medications and behavioral therapies. Always talk to your vet before using Benadryl for this purpose.

Alternatives

Here’s a list of alternatives to Benadryl that are just as safe and effective.

Frequently Asked Questions

The Bottom Line

While Benadryl can be a helpful tool for managing allergy-related symptoms like itching, swelling, and mild anxiety in dogs, it’s not a cure-all. It’s not effective for treating most types of coughing, and it shouldn’t be used as a substitute for proper veterinary care. Like any medication, Benadryl must be given at the right dose and for the right reason—and always with your vet’s approval. When used responsibly, Benadryl can offer safe, short-term relief and comfort for your dog. But when in doubt, the best course of action is to ask your veterinarian first.

Unexpected allergic reactions, emergency vet visits, and long-term medication can add up quickly. That’s why many pet parents choose the best pet insurance to help cover the cost of care and gain peace of mind. If you haven’t explored pet insurance yet, now might be a great time to consider protecting your dog’s health—and your wallet.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

1. The anti-histamine properties of benadryl, beta-di-methylaminoethyl benzhydryl ether hydrochloride.
2. Modification of Anaphylaxis by Benadryl.
3. THE INFLUENCE OF DIPHENHYDRAMINE·HC1 (BENADRYL) ON APOMORPHINE-INDUCED EMESIS IN DOGS
4. Pharmacological Properties of Antihistamine Drugs, Benadryl, Pyribenzamine and Neoantergan
5. Diphenhydramine exposure in dogs: 621 cases (2008-2013)
6. Fatal diphenhydramine poisoning in a dog
7. A toxicologic study of two histamine antagonists of the benzhydryl alkamine ether group

The post Can I Give My Dog Benadryl? Vet Advice, Benefits & Dangers appeared first on Canine Bible.

Whether your dog is suffering from allergies, an insect bite, or a stressful situation like travel or fireworks, Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is one of the most commonly recommended over-the-counter medications for quick relief. But while it’s safe for most dogs when dosed correctly, giving the wrong amount can be dangerous. That’s why we created this Benadryl dosage calculator for dogs—to help you quickly and safely determine how much Benadryl to give based on your dog’s weight. In this guide, you’ll also find dosage charts, safety tips, and answers to frequently asked questions to ensure you’re treating your pup effectively and responsibly.

How Much Benadryl Can I Give My Dog?

The standard Benadryl dosage for dogs is 1 mg of Benadryl per pound of body weight, given 2 to 3 times daily (every 8–12 hours). Most veterinarians follow this guideline when recommending over-the-counter dog antihistamines like Benadryl for pets experiencing allergies, itching, insect bites, or mild reactions. Children's Liquid Benadryl formulation is often recommended for dogs under 10 pounds, as it allows for more precise dosing than splitting standard adult Benadryl tablets. However, if your dog dislikes taking pills or you find it difficult to cut tablets, Children's Liquid Benadryl is safe for dogs of all sizes.

Benadryl product recommendations based on their type and strength:

Benadryl Table Dosage Chart for Dogs (By Weight)

Benadryl Liquid Dosage Chart for Dogs

Dosing chart for dogs taking liquid Benadryl.

Types of Benadryl to Avoid Giving Your Dog  

While diphenhydramine hydrochloride is the active ingredient in most U.S. Benadryl products (commonly referred to as "American Benadryl"), not all Benadryl products are safe for dogs. In countries like the U.K. and Denmark, Benadryl may contain acrivastine or cetirizine, which are ingredients not well-studied in dogs.

If you're in Europe, always check that the product contains diphenhydramine—it’s the only active ingredient in Benadryl that’s considered safe for dogs when dosed properly.

Benadryl Forms to Avoid

When using American Benadryl (diphenhydramine), avoid the following formulations:

• Liqui-gels or gel capsules: These soft capsules are difficult to cut or dose precisely. They also absorb differently in dogs compared to humans, potentially leading to inconsistent or incorrect dosing.
• Adult liquid Benadryl: This version typically contains alcohol, which is toxic to dogs even in small amounts. Always use alcohol-free children’s liquid Benadryl if you need a liquid form.
• Benadryl Allergy Plus Congestion: Contains phenylephrine HCl, a nasal decongestant that is dangerous for dogs and can cause elevated blood pressure, vomiting, and severe health issues.
• Extra strength Benadryl: Often available in 50 mg tablets, which may be safe for large dogs under veterinary guidance, but can easily lead to overdose if not dosed accurately. Most vet-approved dosing is based on 25 mg tablets, making standard strength the safer option.
• Time-release or extended-release (ER/XR) tablets: Dogs digest medication differently than humans, and time-release coatings can result in delayed or uneven absorption, leading to accidental overdose or reduced effectiveness.

Safety Dosage Guidelines

Make sure you adhere to these safety tips before giving Benadryl to your dog.

1. Use only plain Benadryl with only diphenhydramine as the active ingredient.

• Avoid products with added ingredients like:
  • Acetaminophen (can be toxic to dogs)
  • Pseudoephedrine or other decongestants (dangerous and potentially fatal)
  • Alcohol or xylitol in liquid formulas (both are toxic to dogs)

2. Follow the proper dosage: Measure accurately, especially with liquid formulations. Start with a lower dose for small or sensitive breeds.

3. Avoid if your dog has:

• Urinary retention or prostate issues
• Heart disease
• Glaucoma
• High blood pressure
• Seizure disorders
• Hyperthyroidism

4. Check with your veterinarian first if:

• Your dog is under 12 weeks old
• Your dog is pregnant or nursing
• Your dog takes other prescription medications

5. Watch for side effects: These include drowsiness, dry mouth, urinary retention, and mild digestive upset. Rare but serious side effects include Hyperactivity or agitation, rapid breathing or heart rate, vomiting or diarrhea, or seizures

What to Do If A Dog Reacts Badly to Benadryl

Dogs showing worsening symptoms, such as blood in their vomit or stool, difficulty breathing, weakness, or collapse, should be taken to the veterinarian immediately.

1. Contact a veterinarian immediately: Even if your dog seems fine, contact your veterinarian or an emergency pet poison hotline right away. This includes services like the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center or Pet Poison Helpline at 1-855-764-7661. If you can't reach your vet, you can chat live with a registered online veterinary professional via our online vet chat or video chat support (24 hours a day, 7 days a week). You can also schedule an at-home veterinary appointment with The Vets, a mobile veterinary service that provides at-home vet care nationwide for just about everything.

2. Gather important information: When speaking to a vet, provide the quantity consumed (estimate if unsure), the time of ingestion, and the dog’s weight and breed (to assess potential risk).

3. Follow veterinary instructions: The vet may suggest monitoring at home or emergency treatment at the clinic.

• Keep your dog calm and prevent them from eating anything else.
• Be prepared to transport your dog to the vet quickly if advised.
• Bring any remaining Benadryl or packaging to help the vet assess the situation.

MDR1 Sensitivity and Benadryl

Some dogs carry a genetic mutation in the MDR1 (Multi-Drug Resistance 1) gene, which affects how their body processes certain medications. This mutation is prevalent in herding breeds like Collies, Australian Shepherds, and Shelties.

While Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is generally considered safe for most dogs, those with the MDR1 mutation may be more sensitive to its effects or to other medications that might be used alongside it—such as sedatives, anti-nausea drugs, or decontamination treatments in emergency scenarios. Knowing your dog’s MDR1 status is crucial if:

• You ever need to use Benadryl alongside other medications.
• Your dog is receiving long-term allergy management.
• You want to avoid adverse drug reactions during emergency treatment.

The EasyDNA MDR1 test is a reliable way to determine if your dog has this mutation. It allows your vet to tailor medication choices safely, including when Benadryl is considered.

Pro tip: If your dog is a herding breed or mixed with one, consider testing before using any medications, even over-the-counter ones like Benadryl.

Calculate Benadryl Dosage For Dogs Manually

Use these formulas to manually calculate your dog's Benadryl dosage.

Tablet

Use this method if you're using standard Benadryl tablets (typically 25 mg per tablet):

1. Standard dose: 1 mg per 1 lb of body weight
2. Tablet strength: Most adult Benadryl tablets contain 25 mg of diphenhydramine
3. Formula: Dog’s weight in pounds ÷ 25 = number of tablets to give

Example: 50 lb dog → 50 ÷ 25 = 2 tablets

Liquid

Use this method if you're using liquid Benadryl (12.5 mg per 5 mL):

1. Standard dose: 1 mg per 1 lb of body weight
2. Liquid concentration: 12.5 mg per 5 mL = 2.5 mg per 1 mL
3. Formula: Dog’s weight in pounds ÷ 2.5 = mL to give

Example: 25 lb dog → 25 ÷ 2.5 = 10 mL

Frequently Asked Questions

The Bottom Line & Alternatives

Benadryl can be a safe and effective over-the-counter remedy for dogs suffering from allergies, insect bites, mild anxiety, or travel sickness—but only when dosed correctly. Whether you’re using tablets or liquid, knowing your dog’s weight and the exact dosage is key to avoiding complications and ensuring fast relief. Always use plain diphenhydramine without added ingredients like decongestants, acetaminophen, or alcohol. Stick to the standard guideline of 1 mg per pound of body weight, and consult your vet before giving Benadryl—especially if your dog has health conditions, is on other medications, or is under 12 weeks old.

If Benadryl isn’t providing enough relief or you’re looking for gentler, longer-term alternatives, you might want to explore CBD oil for dogs—which some pet owners use to naturally manage both allergies and anxiety. You can also check out our guide to the best allergy medicine for dogs for prescription and non-prescription options beyond Benadryl. Concerned your dog’s symptoms may be caused by an underlying allergy? Getting a dog allergy test can help identify food or environmental triggers so you can treat the root cause—not just the symptoms. For dogs dealing with stress, travel anxiety, or loud noises like fireworks, Benadryl may not always be the ideal long-term solution. In that case, explore our calming strategies and products in how to calm dogs with anxiety.

With the charts, calculators, and tips in this guide, you now have everything you need to safely and confidently dose Benadryl—and understand when it might be time to try something more targeted.

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Sources

Canine Bible uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process and product review methodology to learn more about how we fact-check, test products, and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

The post Benadryl Dog Dosage Calculator: How Much to Give & Charts appeared first on Canine Bible.

This is your complete guide to ear mites in dogs. If your pup shakes his head or scratches his ears more than usual, tiny parasites known as ear mites might be the cause. These mites can lead to intense itchiness and other ear-related problems. It’s important to understand the basics of this common parasite so you can keep your dog comfortable, healthy, and safe. So, what should you do if you suspect an ear mite infestation? This guide covers everything you need to know—from symptoms and causes to treatment and prevention. Let’s get started!

What Are Dog Ear Mites?

Ear mites are tiny eight-legged, highly contagious parasites that live in the ear canals of dogs and other animals. The most common species affecting dogs is Otodectes cynotis, a surface mite that feeds on ear wax, oils, and skin debris. Although barely visible to the naked eye, these mites can cause intense irritation and inflammation in your dog’s ears. These parasites are part of the arachnid family—yes, they’re related to ticks and spiders—and they thrive in warm, moist environments like the ear canal. Once inside, they quickly multiply, triggering allergic reactions and secondary infections if left unchecked. Unlike other parasites, ear mites do not burrow under the skin and are relatively easy to treat.

Lifecycle

The lifecycle of Otodectes cynotis spans about 3 weeks:

1. Eggs are laid by the adult mites deep inside the ear canal.
2. Larvae hatch within 4 days and begin to feed.
3. The larvae molt into nymphs, which then develop into adult mites.
4. Adult mites live for about 2 months and continue the cycle by laying more eggs.

A single infestation can quickly grow out of control if not addressed, especially since these mites don’t just stay confined to one pet — they spread fast. After ear mite eggs hatch, these new ear mites can lay eggs too.

Are Dog Ear Mites Contagious?

Yes, ear mites are highly contagious, and you should isolate your infected pet from other pets. Ear mites can move from one dog to another in close contact and eventually reach the ear.

Causes of Ear Mites in Dogs

Ear mites are highly contagious and commonly spread through close contact with infected animals, especially cats. Dogs can easily become infested at dog parks, shelters, or in multi-pet households. In addition to direct contact, ear mites can survive briefly off a host, allowing dogs to pick them up from shared bedding, grooming tools, crates, or other contaminated items. Due to age, illness, or stress, dogs with weakened immune systems are also more susceptible to infestations. Lastly, poor ear hygiene creates the perfect environment for mites to thrive, as wax buildup and debris provide a rich food source and breeding ground.

Symptoms of Ear Mites In Dogs

Recognizing the symptoms early is crucial for prompt treatment and preventing complications. Common signs of ear mite infestation include:​

Secondary infections: Continuous scratching can lead to open wounds, making the ears susceptible to bacterial or yeast infections. As the infestation grows, ear mites may invade other parts of the dog’s body.

Health Risks of Ear Mites In Dogs

Diagnosing Ear Mites in Dogs

​Diagnosing ear mites in dogs involves a combination of clinical evaluation and diagnostic tests to ensure accurate identification and appropriate treatment.​

1. Veterinary examination: A veterinarian will begin with a thorough physical examination, focusing on the ears. They will inquire about your dog’s medical history, symptom onset, and recent interactions with other animals, as ear mites are highly contagious.

2. Otoscopic examination: Using an otoscope, the veterinarian will inspect the ear canal for signs of ear mites, such as inflammation, redness, and dark, crumbly discharge resembling coffee grounds. In some cases, the mites may be visible as tiny white specks moving within the ear canal. ​

3. Microscopic evaluation (ear cytology): To confirm the presence of ear mites, the veterinarian may perform an ear cytology

• Sample collection: A cotton swab is gently used to collect debris from the ear canal.​
• Microscopic analysis: The sample is mixed with mineral oil on a slide and examined under a microscope to detect mites or their eggs.

4. Differential diagnosis: Since other conditions like bacterial or yeast infections can mimic ear mite symptoms, the veterinarian may conduct additional tests to rule out these possibilities and ensure the correct treatment plan.

What Do Ear Mites In Dogs Look Like?

Best Ear Mite Treatment In Dogs

Treating ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) in dogs requires a comprehensive approach to eliminate the infestation, relieve discomfort, and prevent recurrence. The process begins with ear cleaning, where a veterinarian uses appropriate solutions to remove debris and wax, enhancing the efficacy of medications. This is followed by topical medications, such as selamectin (e.g., Revolution®) or moxidectin/imidacloprid (e.g., Advantage Multi®), which are applied to the skin and effectively eradicate ear mites. Over-the-counter products, like PetArmor Ear Mite Treatment, may also be available but should only be used under veterinary guidance to ensure safety and effectiveness.

In some cases, oral and injectable medications are prescribed. Ivermectin, administered orally or via injection, is a potent antiparasitic often used off-label for ear mite treatment. However, certain breeds may be sensitive to ivermectin, making veterinary consultation essential. Sarolaner (Simparica®), an oral chewable medication, is another effective option that treats fleas, ticks, and ear mites. Additionally, environmental management plays a crucial role in preventing reinfestation. All household pets should be treated simultaneously since ear mites are highly contagious, and pet bedding, toys, and grooming tools must be thoroughly cleaned.

Follow-up care is critical to ensure the infestation is fully resolved. This involves monitoring through follow-up visits with the veterinarian and implementing preventative measures such as regular ear inspections and maintaining overall ear health.

Best Ear Mite Medicine For Dogs

There are a variety of different medical treatment options your veterinarian may recommend.

1. Best Vet-Prescribed Ear Mite Medications For Dogs

Here are the most commonly used medications for dogs with ear mites.

Treatment	Active Ingredient(s)	Administration	Efficacy	Reference
Afoxolaner (NexGard®)	Afoxolaner	Oral Chewable	100% efficacy at Day 42 after two monthly doses	Taenzler et al., 2021
Sarolaner (Simparica®)	Sarolaner	Oral Chewable	93.3% efficacy at Day 60 after a single dose	Fourie et al., 2018
Afoxolaner & Milbemycin Oxime (NexGard Spectra®)	Afoxolaner, Milbemycin Oxime	Oral Chewable	99.9% efficacy at Day 28 after a single dose	Taenzler et al., 2023
Fluralaner (Bravecto®)	Fluralaner	Oral or Topical	99.8% efficacy at Day 28 after a single dose	Taenzler et al., 2017
Imidacloprid & Moxidectin (Advantage Multi)	Imidacloprid, Moxidectin	Topical Solution	98.1% efficacy after second monthly dose	Kim et al., 2013
Ivermectin	Ivermectin	Subcutaneous Injection	97.4% efficacy after two doses administered three weeks apart	Ghubash, 1991
Revolution® (Selamectin)	Selamectin	Topical Solution	100% efficacy in eliminating ear mites after a single dose	Young et al., 2000

Based on available data and clinical studies, the most effective dog ear mite treatments are Revolution® (Selamectin) and NexGard® (Afoxolaner). Revolution stands out for its 100% efficacy after a single topical application, making it fast-acting and convenient. NexGard, an oral chewable, also achieved 100% efficacy by Day 42 after two monthly doses, offering a reliable alternative for dogs that prefer oral treatments. Other highly effective options include NexGard Spectra® (Afoxolaner + Milbemycin Oxime), which reached 99.9% efficacy within 28 days, and Bravecto® (Fluralaner), which showed 99.8% efficacy after one dose and provides long-lasting protection. Simparica® (Sarolaner) also performed well, with 93.3% efficacy at Day 60. Injectable Ivermectin and Advantage Multi® (Imidacloprid + Moxidectin) are reliable alternatives, though they typically require multiple doses and may not act as quickly. Overall, Revolution offers the best speed, ease, and effectiveness, while NexGard and NexGard Spectra provide excellent oral options for comprehensive parasite control.

2. Home Remedies For Ear Mites In dogs (OTC Treatments)

While various sources suggest some home remedies like green tea rinses or oil treatments, their efficacy is not scientifically proven. Consulting a veterinarian before attempting any home-based therapies is essential for safe and effective care

Here are some of the most effective over-the-counter treatments to kill ear mites at home.

Green Tea Rinse: Green tea acts as a natural antiseptic, helping to cleanse the ear canal and reduce inflammation.​ Brew a cup of green tea, let it cool to room temperature, and place a few drops into your dog’s ear with a dropper. This can help remove mite debris and promote healing. Repeat daily until the mites are gone. Ensure the tea is completely cooled before application to prevent burns. While gentle, green tea rinses may not be potent enough to eradicate a significant mite infestation.

Apple Cider Vinegar: Apple cider vinegar (ACV) contains acetic acid, a natural antibacterial and antifungal compound. Acetic acid is bactericidal that prevents the growth of bacteria into many microorganisms. ACV also helps rebalance the ear’s pH and may create an environment less hospitable to mites. Mix equal parts raw, unfiltered apple cider vinegar and distilled water. Soak a cotton ball in the solution and gently wipe the visible parts of your dog’s inner ear. Repeat once daily. Never use ACV on raw, inflamed, or broken skin, as the acidity can cause stinging and further irritation. Always dilute, and avoid deep application into the ear canal.

Oil Treatment (General): Carrier oils such as olive, almond, or mineral oil can smother mites and loosen wax and debris, aiding in their removal. Warm the oil slightly and place a few drops into the ear canal using a dropper. Massage gently and clean the ear with a cotton pad after a few minutes. Repeat daily. Use only food-grade oils and avoid essential oil blends unless a vet approves. Oils may need to be applied consistently for weeks, and buildup should be avoided. Premo Guard Plant-Based Oils Pet Protector Spray on Amazon is a great choice.

William Miller Jr., VMD, a professor of dermatology at Cornell University’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says that “there are many topical, oral, and systemic agents and most such as ivermectin are highly effective… even one old-time remedy – baby oil- can [get rid of ear mite infestation].”^[1] Simply put a few drops into an affected ear several times a day for a month. This usually smothers the mites,” Dr. Miller notes.

Aloe Vera Gel: Aloe vera contains compounds like aloin and acemannan, which help soothe inflammation, reduce itchiness, and support skin healing—making it ideal for irritated ears. Apply a thin layer of 100% pure aloe vera gel (without additives or alcohol) to the outer part of the ear using a clean cotton swab or pad. Do not apply deep into the ear canal. Only use pet-safe aloe products and free from added preservatives, as some ingredients in commercial gels can be toxic to dogs. Four Paws Aloe Ear Mite Treatment For Dogs on Amazon is an aloe vera-based anti-ear mite product that’s worth checking out.

Many dog owners swear by Vaseline for ear mites—but does it really work? Before you reach for the jar, there are a few things you need to know. Discover the truth and how to use it safely in our full guide.

Ear Mite Prevention for Dogs

Ear mites feed on earwax and skin oils, so keeping your dog’s ears clean is key to reducing the risk of infestation. A thorough ear cleaning at least once a month is recommended as a preventive measure. Zymox Cleanser can be a routine ear cleaner (view on Amazon). It’s excellent for ongoing ear maintenance and the prevention of infections. For added support, you can use the Zymox Otic Enzymatic Solution (view on Amazon) to soothe infections, redness, and inflammation. Simply fill the ear canal with the solution and allow the antimicrobial enzymes to do their work. Many users report this product to be effective in killing ear mites. Before using any product, consult your veterinarian for approval. In addition, make sure to clean your home, dog’s bedding, kennel, and any shared spaces. Regularly wash and sanitize items your dog comes into contact with.

How To Prevent Dog Ear Mite Infection From Happening Again

A study concluded that environments previously inhabited by animals infested with ear mites should be disinfected or left unoccupied for at least 12 days to prevent rreinfestation^[2]. Other tips include:

How To Get Rid Of Ear Mites In Your House

Here’s a clean visual checklist of how to get rid of ear mites in your house:

1. Treat All Pets: Medicate every pet in the household—even if they show no symptoms.

2. Wash Bedding: Wash pet beds, blankets, and soft toys in hot water and dry on high heat.

3. Disinfect Hard Surfaces: Clean floors, crates, and baseboards with a pet-safe disinfectant.

4. Vacuum Daily: Vacuum carpets, rugs, and furniture; empty the vacuum after every use.

5. Sanitize Pet Gear: Wash collars, brushes, and grooming tools in hot, soapy water.

6. Repeat for 2–4 Weeks: Continue cleaning until the full mite life cycle is eliminated.

Ear Mites In Puppies

Ear mites are a common and uncomfortable problem in puppies. Because puppies have developing immune systems and are often in close contact with their mother or littermates, they’re especially vulnerable to infestations. The signs of ear mites in puppies are usually hard to miss. Your puppy may constantly scratch their ears, shake their head, or rub their head against furniture or the floor. You might also notice dark, crumbly debris inside the ears—often described as looking like coffee grounds—along with redness, swelling, and an unpleasant odor.

If left untreated, ear mites can lead to secondary bacterial or yeast infections, ear damage, or even hearing loss. Fortunately, treatment is straightforward. To help prevent reinfection, clean your puppy’s bedding, toys, and environment thoroughly. Routine ear checks and regular grooming can also help catch problems early.

How Long Does It Take To Get Rid of Ear Mites In Dogs?

The time it takes to get rid of ear mites in dogs entirely depends on the severity of the infestation and the treatment used—but most cases clear up within 2 to 4 weeks. Fast-acting medications often begin killing mites within 24–48 hours. However, even after the mites are gone, treatment usually continues for a few weeks to eliminate all mite eggs and life stages. Veterinarians often recommend continuing treatment for at least three weeks, which aligns with the mites’ lifecycle. This helps prevent reinfestation from any remaining eggs that hatch after the first round of treatment. If your dog’s ears are inflamed or infected, your vet may also prescribe anti-inflammatory or antibiotic medications, which can extend the recovery timeline slightly.

Dog Ear Wax vs. Ear Mites vs. Yeast Infection

Can Humans Get Ear Mites From A Dog?

Humans can technically get ear mites from dogs, but it is extremely rare. The most common type of ear mite found in dogs is Otodectes cynotis, which primarily affects animals like dogs, cats, and ferrets. These mites are not well adapted to living on humans and typically do not thrive outside their preferred hosts. In unusual cases, a person with close contact with an infested pet may experience temporary itching, skin irritation, or a rash—especially around the ears or neck. However, full infestations in human ears are exceptionally uncommon. To reduce any potential risk, it’s important to treat your dog promptly if ear mites are diagnosed, maintain good hygiene by washing hands after handling pets, and regularly clean pet bedding and shared spaces. If you experience unusual symptoms after being in contact with an infected pet, it’s best to consult a healthcare provider for evaluation and peace of mind.

Dog Ear Mites Pictures